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<p>In electrically pumped semiconductor lasers, microfabricated structures, including photonic crystals, are used to reduce device footprints; however, this miniaturization can come at the cost of reduced robustness of lasing performance against external perturbations. Topological concepts have been integrated into the design of photonic crystals to improve robustness and achieve other functionalities. This Review surveys a range of emerging design toolkits, including Chern and valley Hall lattices, which host robust edge modes; topological crystalline insulator lattices, which host symmetry-protected corner states; Dirac-vortex cavities, which isolate a single lasing mode in an ultrawide free spectral range; and bound states in the continuum, which aim to boost quality factors without enlarging the footprint. We outline how topological modes can be used in compact laser sources, as well as future directions of research, including the exploitation of non-Hermitian band topology, non-linear gain dynamics and quasiperiodic order.</p>

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Topology in electrically pumped photonic-crystal lasers

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月8日

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  • Bofeng Zhu,
  • Hanyu Liu,
  • Qian Wang,
  • Y. D. Chong,
  • Qi Jie Wang

摘要

In electrically pumped semiconductor lasers, microfabricated structures, including photonic crystals, are used to reduce device footprints; however, this miniaturization can come at the cost of reduced robustness of lasing performance against external perturbations. Topological concepts have been integrated into the design of photonic crystals to improve robustness and achieve other functionalities. This Review surveys a range of emerging design toolkits, including Chern and valley Hall lattices, which host robust edge modes; topological crystalline insulator lattices, which host symmetry-protected corner states; Dirac-vortex cavities, which isolate a single lasing mode in an ultrawide free spectral range; and bound states in the continuum, which aim to boost quality factors without enlarging the footprint. We outline how topological modes can be used in compact laser sources, as well as future directions of research, including the exploitation of non-Hermitian band topology, non-linear gain dynamics and quasiperiodic order.