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<p>Large-scale adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) is expected to influence urban air quality, yet the effects of actual EV adoption and usage within cities remain poorly quantified. Leveraging detailed EV charging records from 2016 to 2023 across 292 Chinese cities, we empirically quantify these impacts. We find that a 10% increase in EV charging is linked to reductions in surface NO<sub>2</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations by 0.08% and 0.04%, respectively, with no significant effect for ambient O<sub>3</sub> concentrations. Notably, these benefits vary by ambient temperatures and regions: effects are more pronounced at extremely low temperatures (below −7 °C), despite reduced battery performance, and southern cities experience greater improvements than northern cities, probably due to higher utilization rates. Our findings highlight the heterogeneous nature of EV-related air quality benefits and provide actionable insights for policy-makers and operators to optimize EV resource allocation in cities and accelerate progress toward urban environmental targets.</p>

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Empirical evidence of air pollution reduction from electric vehicle usage across Chinese cities

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月10日

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  • Yuanhong Ma,
  • Minghao Qiu,
  • Yuan Wang,
  • Jiaofeng Pan,
  • Jianfeng Guo,
  • Fu Gu,
  • Xitong Li

摘要

Large-scale adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) is expected to influence urban air quality, yet the effects of actual EV adoption and usage within cities remain poorly quantified. Leveraging detailed EV charging records from 2016 to 2023 across 292 Chinese cities, we empirically quantify these impacts. We find that a 10% increase in EV charging is linked to reductions in surface NO2 and PM2.5 concentrations by 0.08% and 0.04%, respectively, with no significant effect for ambient O3 concentrations. Notably, these benefits vary by ambient temperatures and regions: effects are more pronounced at extremely low temperatures (below −7 °C), despite reduced battery performance, and southern cities experience greater improvements than northern cities, probably due to higher utilization rates. Our findings highlight the heterogeneous nature of EV-related air quality benefits and provide actionable insights for policy-makers and operators to optimize EV resource allocation in cities and accelerate progress toward urban environmental targets.