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<p>The escalating trend of global hillside urban expansion threatens terrestrial biodiversity and undermines global initiatives, including the Sustainable Development Goals and the Global Biodiversity Framework. This study addresses a critical knowledge gap by examining the impacts of hillside urban expansion on terrestrial biodiversity across multiple scales, integrating multi-source high-resolution data with terrestrial vertebrate species datasets. Our results reveal substantial global hillside urban expansion (11.65 Mha) between 2000 and 2020, with 35% occurring within biodiversity hotspots. It encroaches disproportionately on natural habitat compared to urban expansion in flat areas, significantly exacerbating habitat fragmentation. This has far-reaching consequences for terrestrial biodiversity, directly affecting ~70% of globally threatened species and hindering progress towards biodiversity conservation by 2050. Our findings underscore an urgent need for tailored land-use and urban planning strategies that prioritize biodiversity conservation in ecologically sensitive areas. This study lays the groundwork for the development of more sustainable land-use planning, nature conservation and urban development policies.</p>

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Extensive terrestrial biodiversity threats from global hillside urban expansion

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月9日

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  • Kaifang Shi,
  • Yizhen Wu,
  • Xiufeng Sun,
  • Yuanzheng Cui,
  • Zuoqi Chen,
  • Lisheng Song,
  • Fengman Fang,
  • Weidong Cao,
  • Jinji Ma,
  • Chang Huang,
  • Lei Gao,
  • Bailang Yu,
  • Brett A. Bryan

摘要

The escalating trend of global hillside urban expansion threatens terrestrial biodiversity and undermines global initiatives, including the Sustainable Development Goals and the Global Biodiversity Framework. This study addresses a critical knowledge gap by examining the impacts of hillside urban expansion on terrestrial biodiversity across multiple scales, integrating multi-source high-resolution data with terrestrial vertebrate species datasets. Our results reveal substantial global hillside urban expansion (11.65 Mha) between 2000 and 2020, with 35% occurring within biodiversity hotspots. It encroaches disproportionately on natural habitat compared to urban expansion in flat areas, significantly exacerbating habitat fragmentation. This has far-reaching consequences for terrestrial biodiversity, directly affecting ~70% of globally threatened species and hindering progress towards biodiversity conservation by 2050. Our findings underscore an urgent need for tailored land-use and urban planning strategies that prioritize biodiversity conservation in ecologically sensitive areas. This study lays the groundwork for the development of more sustainable land-use planning, nature conservation and urban development policies.