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<p>Nature-based solutions (NbS) use the protection, restoration and sustainable management of ecosystems to address societal challenges while generating net biodiversity gains and socio-economic benefits. However, conventional, sector-specific implementation undermines these aims, restricting multifunctionality, increasing maladaptation risks and limiting long-term effectiveness. We contrast such trajectories with systemic NbS pathways that embed adaptive co-management, integrated indicators, and aligned governance and finance. We propose an NbS services approach that operationalizes established standards and criteria by linking ecological performance to continual learning and results-based mechanisms. This approach integrates robust biodiversity, ecosystem function and equity indicators into composite performance metrics and applies participatory adaptive co-management to evaluate trade-offs, manage uncertainty and improve outcomes over time, including the support of simulation-based tools. Governance–finance alignment through transparent, pay-for-results mechanisms further supports transformative implementation. Framing NbS implementation as the delivery of continuous, auditable services strengthens ecological integrity, inclusiveness and comparability, enabling a shift from fragmented projects to cross-sectoral adaptation that addresses intertwined climate, water and biodiversity challenges.</p>

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Implementing systemic nature-based solutions as a cross-sector service for resilient landscapes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月21日

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  • Ursula S. McKnight,
  • Shane A. Carnohan,
  • Laura A. Wendling,
  • Andreas Nicolaidis Lindqvist,
  • Sebastian Höss,
  • Heidi Tuhkanen,
  • Åsa Gerger Swartling,
  • Karina Barquet,
  • Kaidi Tamm,
  • Yiheng Du,
  • Luciana Zedda,
  • Isabel Ribeiro,
  • Jonas Olsson,
  • Peter Berg,
  • Håkan Tropp,
  • Mike Jones,
  • Tricia A. Stadnyk,
  • Berit Arheimer

摘要

Nature-based solutions (NbS) use the protection, restoration and sustainable management of ecosystems to address societal challenges while generating net biodiversity gains and socio-economic benefits. However, conventional, sector-specific implementation undermines these aims, restricting multifunctionality, increasing maladaptation risks and limiting long-term effectiveness. We contrast such trajectories with systemic NbS pathways that embed adaptive co-management, integrated indicators, and aligned governance and finance. We propose an NbS services approach that operationalizes established standards and criteria by linking ecological performance to continual learning and results-based mechanisms. This approach integrates robust biodiversity, ecosystem function and equity indicators into composite performance metrics and applies participatory adaptive co-management to evaluate trade-offs, manage uncertainty and improve outcomes over time, including the support of simulation-based tools. Governance–finance alignment through transparent, pay-for-results mechanisms further supports transformative implementation. Framing NbS implementation as the delivery of continuous, auditable services strengthens ecological integrity, inclusiveness and comparability, enabling a shift from fragmented projects to cross-sectoral adaptation that addresses intertwined climate, water and biodiversity challenges.