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<p>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) resist most remediation technologies because of their exceptionally inert carbon–fluorine bonds. Here we report a visible-light Z-scheme photocatalyst composed of CuInS<sub>2</sub> quantum dots anchored on BiOCl nanoplates (CuInS<sub>2</sub>/BiOCl) that overcomes this barrier. Femtosecond transient absorption, steady-state spectroscopy and theoretical calculations show that an internal electric field steers photo-generated electrons (e<sup>−</sup>) migrating to CuInS<sub>2</sub> and holes (h<sup>+</sup>) to BiOCl, maximizing their redox potentials for simultaneous carbon–fluorine scission and carbon chain breakage, respectively. Computations revealed that benzene sulfonic acid and carbon fluoride groups on sodium <i>p</i>-perfluorous nonenoxybenzenesulfonate (OBS) are susceptible to electrophilic attack by h<sup>+</sup> and nucleophilic attack by e<sup>−</sup>, respectively. Under ultraviolet irradiation, the heterojunction achieves 75.8% defluorination and 76.8% total organic carbon removal of OBS within 8 h, with universal applicability for efficient degradation of 17 representative PFAS mixtures. Continuous-flow tests driven by natural sunlight achieve &gt;96% OBS removal in 10 h, confirming system scalability. Toxicity assays indicate negligible hazardous effects of the residual. The work reports a sunlight-powered and flow-compatible photocatalytic platform for sustained PFAS decontamination, opening a sustainable route for ‘forever chemical’ abatement in water.</p>

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Steering charge transfer in CuInS2/BiOCl composites to enable sunlight-driven C–F bond cleavage of PFAS in water

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月2日

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  • Fuyu Liu,
  • Honglei Li,
  • Zixiang Gao,
  • Qiang Song,
  • Patrick J. Cullen,
  • Ziying Nie,
  • Ye Hong,
  • Yuxuan Zhang,
  • Shilin Yao,
  • Cheng Gu,
  • Fanran Meng,
  • Zhihong Zuo,
  • Runzeng Liu,
  • Zongwei Chen,
  • Dongling Ma,
  • Yongguang Yin,
  • Yong Cai,
  • Xiaoguang Duan,
  • Qingzhe Zhang

摘要

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) resist most remediation technologies because of their exceptionally inert carbon–fluorine bonds. Here we report a visible-light Z-scheme photocatalyst composed of CuInS2 quantum dots anchored on BiOCl nanoplates (CuInS2/BiOCl) that overcomes this barrier. Femtosecond transient absorption, steady-state spectroscopy and theoretical calculations show that an internal electric field steers photo-generated electrons (e−) migrating to CuInS2 and holes (h+) to BiOCl, maximizing their redox potentials for simultaneous carbon–fluorine scission and carbon chain breakage, respectively. Computations revealed that benzene sulfonic acid and carbon fluoride groups on sodium p-perfluorous nonenoxybenzenesulfonate (OBS) are susceptible to electrophilic attack by h+ and nucleophilic attack by e−, respectively. Under ultraviolet irradiation, the heterojunction achieves 75.8% defluorination and 76.8% total organic carbon removal of OBS within 8 h, with universal applicability for efficient degradation of 17 representative PFAS mixtures. Continuous-flow tests driven by natural sunlight achieve >96% OBS removal in 10 h, confirming system scalability. Toxicity assays indicate negligible hazardous effects of the residual. The work reports a sunlight-powered and flow-compatible photocatalytic platform for sustained PFAS decontamination, opening a sustainable route for ‘forever chemical’ abatement in water.