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<p>Per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS), including perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), are persistent environmental contaminants that have infiltrated freshwater systems. Granular activated carbon (GAC) is widely used for PFAS removal but becomes secondary waste (PFAS-GAC). Current treatment methods are energy intensive and release hazardous fluorocarbons. This study demonstrates electrothermal mineralization of PFOA and PFOS-GAC via flash Joule heating, a scalable and efficient process. Heating PFAS-GAC with sodium or calcium salts converts PFAS into inert fluoride salts with &gt;90% fluorine conversion and &gt;99% PFOA and PFOS removal. Simultaneously, the spent carbon is upcycled into flash graphene, offsetting treatment costs by US$60–100 per kg. This solvent- and catalyst-free method substantially reduces energy use, greenhouse gas emissions and secondary waste. A techno-economic assessment highlights its scalability and environmental benefits, offering a rapid (~1 s), cost-effective solution for PFAS remediation and upcycling of waste carbon into high-value products.</p>

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Mineralization of captured perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid at zero net cost using flash Joule heating

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月31日

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  • Phelecia Scotland,
  • Kevin M. Wyss,
  • Yi Cheng,
  • Lucas Eddy,
  • Jacob L. Beckham,
  • Justin Sharp,
  • Youngkun Chung,
  • Chi Hun Choi,
  • Tengda Si,
  • Bo Wang,
  • Juan A. Donoso,
  • Bing Deng,
  • Yu-Yi Shen,
  • Sarah Grace Zetterholm,
  • Christopher Griggs,
  • Yimo Han,
  • Mason Tomson,
  • Michael S. Wong,
  • Boris I. Yakobson,
  • Yufeng Zhao,
  • James M. Tour

摘要

Per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS), including perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), are persistent environmental contaminants that have infiltrated freshwater systems. Granular activated carbon (GAC) is widely used for PFAS removal but becomes secondary waste (PFAS-GAC). Current treatment methods are energy intensive and release hazardous fluorocarbons. This study demonstrates electrothermal mineralization of PFOA and PFOS-GAC via flash Joule heating, a scalable and efficient process. Heating PFAS-GAC with sodium or calcium salts converts PFAS into inert fluoride salts with >90% fluorine conversion and >99% PFOA and PFOS removal. Simultaneously, the spent carbon is upcycled into flash graphene, offsetting treatment costs by US$60–100 per kg. This solvent- and catalyst-free method substantially reduces energy use, greenhouse gas emissions and secondary waste. A techno-economic assessment highlights its scalability and environmental benefits, offering a rapid (~1 s), cost-effective solution for PFAS remediation and upcycling of waste carbon into high-value products.