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<p>Urbanization is reshaping socio-ecological interfaces for disease emergence, yet its role in neglected zoonoses remains poorly understood. We investigate how urbanization reconfigures human brucellosis in non-traditional epidemic regions of China. By integrating 18 years brucellosis data from China with statistical modelling and geospatial analysis, we dissect two dimensions of urbanization: the level of urbanization and the physical process of urban expansion. We demonstrate that urbanization level is a primary driver of disease emergence, mediated by expanded transport networks and the marketing of cattle and sheep. Urbanization concurrently shifts the demographic burden towards older and non-local populations. By analyzing the dynamic process of urban expansion, we identified the advancing peri-urban fringe as a shifting transmission frontier where, the highest incidence tracks the outward growth of city boundaries each year. Our findings reveal that urbanization amplifies zoonotic risk by creating and shifting socio-ecological interfaces where transmission concentrates, calling for surveillance and intervention that explicitly targets the dynamic urban-rural gradient.</p>

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Urbanization is associated with human brucellosis emergence and shifting peri-urban transmission frontiers in China

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月3日

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  • Xiyang Li,
  • Jinjing Wu,
  • Xinyu Ding,
  • Zihou Gao,
  • Jianli Hu,
  • Haowei Wang,
  • Ruiyun Li

摘要

Urbanization is reshaping socio-ecological interfaces for disease emergence, yet its role in neglected zoonoses remains poorly understood. We investigate how urbanization reconfigures human brucellosis in non-traditional epidemic regions of China. By integrating 18 years brucellosis data from China with statistical modelling and geospatial analysis, we dissect two dimensions of urbanization: the level of urbanization and the physical process of urban expansion. We demonstrate that urbanization level is a primary driver of disease emergence, mediated by expanded transport networks and the marketing of cattle and sheep. Urbanization concurrently shifts the demographic burden towards older and non-local populations. By analyzing the dynamic process of urban expansion, we identified the advancing peri-urban fringe as a shifting transmission frontier where, the highest incidence tracks the outward growth of city boundaries each year. Our findings reveal that urbanization amplifies zoonotic risk by creating and shifting socio-ecological interfaces where transmission concentrates, calling for surveillance and intervention that explicitly targets the dynamic urban-rural gradient.