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<p>The Archean to Paleoproterozoic Earth underwent significant changes in surface, crust and mantle systems, yet interactions between these reservoirs remain poorly constrained. Sanukitoids are generated by mantle–crust interaction, and thus provide a record of early Earth recycling processes. Here we combine Barium (Ba) and Magnesium (Mg) stable isotopes with radiogenic isotopes and elemental data from 3.4-2.1 Ga sanukitoids to trace crust-mantle interaction across this critical interval. Archean sanukitoids display highly variable Ba and Mg isotopic compositions, suggesting contributions from altered ocean crust, hydrothermal barite and/or sediment. In contrast, Paleoproterozoic sanukitoids show uniformly lighter isotopic signatures, closely resembling Phanerozoic arc magmas influenced by pelagic sediments. Importantly, Ba isotope fractionation before the Great Oxidation Event indicates local sulfate production and oxidized conditions in sanukitoid sources. These results reveal variable recycling of locally-oxidized ocean crust since the Paleoarchean, and confirm sanukitoids as a key archive of early Earth crust-mantle dynamics.</p>

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Sanukitoid stable isotopes reveal complex crust-mantle dynamics in the early Earth

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月30日

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  • Ren-Zhi Zhu,
  • Mike Fowler,
  • Jiyuan Yin,
  • Fang Huang,
  • Robert H. Smithies,
  • Laura M. Spencer,
  • Marc-Alban Millet,
  • Hugo Moreira,
  • Craig Storey,
  • Henrique Bruno,
  • Kumar Batuk Joshi,
  • Xiaoping Long,
  • Shaocong Lai,
  • Guochun Zhao

摘要

The Archean to Paleoproterozoic Earth underwent significant changes in surface, crust and mantle systems, yet interactions between these reservoirs remain poorly constrained. Sanukitoids are generated by mantle–crust interaction, and thus provide a record of early Earth recycling processes. Here we combine Barium (Ba) and Magnesium (Mg) stable isotopes with radiogenic isotopes and elemental data from 3.4-2.1 Ga sanukitoids to trace crust-mantle interaction across this critical interval. Archean sanukitoids display highly variable Ba and Mg isotopic compositions, suggesting contributions from altered ocean crust, hydrothermal barite and/or sediment. In contrast, Paleoproterozoic sanukitoids show uniformly lighter isotopic signatures, closely resembling Phanerozoic arc magmas influenced by pelagic sediments. Importantly, Ba isotope fractionation before the Great Oxidation Event indicates local sulfate production and oxidized conditions in sanukitoid sources. These results reveal variable recycling of locally-oxidized ocean crust since the Paleoarchean, and confirm sanukitoids as a key archive of early Earth crust-mantle dynamics.