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<p>Microplastics are pervasive in inland waters, yet large-scale association patterns of abundance and traits remain unclear. Here we compiled a global lake database integrating surface-water and sediment observations with 56 hydroclimatic and anthropogenic indicators. Most hydroclimatic variables show positive associations with abundance in surface waters but act oppositely in sediments. Leading contribution patterns differ: leaf area index and 2-m dew-point temperature rank highest in surface waters, whereas solar radiation and wind speed lead in sediments. To enable finer-scale evaluation, we conducted dense sampling in China, which hosts one of the world’s largest and most intensively studied lake systems. Hydroclimatic and anthropogenic fingerprints show clear cross-compartment contrasts: surface-water traits associate strongly with aquaculture production and rural income, while sediment traits more link to population aged 0–14 and chemical oxygen demand. Our findings imply a hydroclimate–human game across compartments, highlighting fingerprints structuring microplastic abundance and traits.</p>

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Hydroclimatic and anthropogenic fingerprints drive the game between surface-water and sediment microplastics

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月28日

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  • Qing Cao,
  • Xiao Huang,
  • Benyou Jia,
  • Kanglong Liu,
  • Upmanu Lall,
  • Jiabo Yin,
  • Shuci Liu,
  • Ronny Berndtsson,
  • Quanxi Shao,
  • Ziwu Fan

摘要

Microplastics are pervasive in inland waters, yet large-scale association patterns of abundance and traits remain unclear. Here we compiled a global lake database integrating surface-water and sediment observations with 56 hydroclimatic and anthropogenic indicators. Most hydroclimatic variables show positive associations with abundance in surface waters but act oppositely in sediments. Leading contribution patterns differ: leaf area index and 2-m dew-point temperature rank highest in surface waters, whereas solar radiation and wind speed lead in sediments. To enable finer-scale evaluation, we conducted dense sampling in China, which hosts one of the world’s largest and most intensively studied lake systems. Hydroclimatic and anthropogenic fingerprints show clear cross-compartment contrasts: surface-water traits associate strongly with aquaculture production and rural income, while sediment traits more link to population aged 0–14 and chemical oxygen demand. Our findings imply a hydroclimate–human game across compartments, highlighting fingerprints structuring microplastic abundance and traits.