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<p>China’s coastal wetland degradation and loss threaten critical climate mitigation and ecosystem services. While substantial restoration investments, the economic rationale for these efforts remains poorly understood. Here we address this gap through a comprehensive data synthesis of 237 coastal wetland restoration projects (2000-2020) across China, totaling US$8.87–13.8 billion in investment. This analysis provides a 30-year cost-benefit assessment for restored salt marshes, mangroves, and seagrass beds. Our study reveals considerable returns on these restoration projects, with an estimated blue carbon gain of 8.50 ± 3.76 million tons and an enhancement of ecosystem service value by US$95.9–434 billion. Benefit-cost ratios of Chinese coastal wetland restoration ranged from 7.01 to 18.8 for salt marshes, 15.5 to 47.0 for mangroves, and 16.3 to 43.7 for seagrass beds. Despite uncertainties in monetary valuation, our ecological and economic findings support integrating coastal wetland restoration into national climate strategies and coastal spatial plans.</p>

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Investment in coastal wetland restoration yields high returns in blue carbon and ecosystem services in China

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月11日

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  • Jinge Zhou,
  • Jingfan Zhang,
  • Guoming Qin,
  • Lulu Zhang,
  • Xingyun Huang,
  • Ruyi Ding,
  • Hua He,
  • Yongxing Li,
  • Yingwen Li,
  • Faming Wang

摘要

China’s coastal wetland degradation and loss threaten critical climate mitigation and ecosystem services. While substantial restoration investments, the economic rationale for these efforts remains poorly understood. Here we address this gap through a comprehensive data synthesis of 237 coastal wetland restoration projects (2000-2020) across China, totaling US$8.87–13.8 billion in investment. This analysis provides a 30-year cost-benefit assessment for restored salt marshes, mangroves, and seagrass beds. Our study reveals considerable returns on these restoration projects, with an estimated blue carbon gain of 8.50 ± 3.76 million tons and an enhancement of ecosystem service value by US$95.9–434 billion. Benefit-cost ratios of Chinese coastal wetland restoration ranged from 7.01 to 18.8 for salt marshes, 15.5 to 47.0 for mangroves, and 16.3 to 43.7 for seagrass beds. Despite uncertainties in monetary valuation, our ecological and economic findings support integrating coastal wetland restoration into national climate strategies and coastal spatial plans.