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<p>Marine microorganisms drive the Earth’s biogeochemical cycles, yet most cannot be cultured in laboratories, severely limiting in-depth studies of their ecological roles and application potential. In a decade-long study, we isolated 16,931 microbial strains from 1516 sampling sites across seven oceanic regions. By integrating omics and environmental data, we found that light conditions—such as long-term variations in sunlight at different latitudes and depths—are key factors shaping microbial biogeography and metabolic strategies. Moreover, 71.67% of the strains exhibited strict light-pattern specificity, a trait linked to differences in metabolic strategies adapted to their native environments. Based on this, we developed a database to predict optimal culture conditions for uncultured microorganisms, clarified the core reasons for their culturability challenges, and provided a practical pathway for exploring the potential of unknown microbes.</p>

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Light exposure patterns shape marine microbial biogeography and metabolic strategy

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月14日

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  • Shizheng Xiang,
  • Guangyu Li,
  • Yifei Huang,
  • Linfeng Gong,
  • Jianyang Li,
  • Guizhen Li,
  • Liping Wang,
  • Wei Ye,
  • Libo Yu,
  • Zhen Chen,
  • Hongchen Jiang,
  • Zongze Shao

摘要

Marine microorganisms drive the Earth’s biogeochemical cycles, yet most cannot be cultured in laboratories, severely limiting in-depth studies of their ecological roles and application potential. In a decade-long study, we isolated 16,931 microbial strains from 1516 sampling sites across seven oceanic regions. By integrating omics and environmental data, we found that light conditions—such as long-term variations in sunlight at different latitudes and depths—are key factors shaping microbial biogeography and metabolic strategies. Moreover, 71.67% of the strains exhibited strict light-pattern specificity, a trait linked to differences in metabolic strategies adapted to their native environments. Based on this, we developed a database to predict optimal culture conditions for uncultured microorganisms, clarified the core reasons for their culturability challenges, and provided a practical pathway for exploring the potential of unknown microbes.