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<p>Mars almost certainly had a considerable amount of water in its past. Recent observations reveal that during southern summer, when the atmosphere is warmer and dustier, water vapor can reach high altitudes without condensing, leading to water loss to space. Here, by combining infrared, visible, and ultraviolet data from multiple Mars orbiters, we identify a new pathway for water loss, observed for the first time to our knowledge during the opposite season. Our findings show that a strong, localized, and short-lived dust storm in Martian Year 37 (August 2023) drove considerable vertical transport of water vapor in the northern summer season. Just days after the storm, enhanced water vapor concentrations were observed at altitudes over 40 km across northern high latitudes, followed by an increase in escaping hydrogen detected at the exobase. These results suggest that water loss on Mars can be triggered by strong local dust storms at any time of year.</p>

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Out-of-season water escape during Mars' northern summer triggered by a strong localized dust storm

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月2日

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  • Adrián Brines,
  • Shohei Aoki,
  • Frank Daerden,
  • Michael S. Chaffin,
  • Samuel A. Atwood,
  • Susarla Raghuram,
  • Bruce A. Cantor,
  • Yannick Willame,
  • Loïc Trompet,
  • Geronimo L. Villanueva,
  • Michael J. Wolff,
  • Michael D. Smith,
  • Christopher S. Edwards,
  • Ian R. Thomas,
  • Giuliano Liuzzi,
  • Lori Neary,
  • Manish R. Patel,
  • Miguel Angel López-Valverde,
  • Armin Kleinböhl,
  • Hoor AlMazmi,
  • James Whiteway,
  • AnnCarine Vandaele,
  • Bojan Ristic,
  • Giancarlo Bellucci

摘要

Mars almost certainly had a considerable amount of water in its past. Recent observations reveal that during southern summer, when the atmosphere is warmer and dustier, water vapor can reach high altitudes without condensing, leading to water loss to space. Here, by combining infrared, visible, and ultraviolet data from multiple Mars orbiters, we identify a new pathway for water loss, observed for the first time to our knowledge during the opposite season. Our findings show that a strong, localized, and short-lived dust storm in Martian Year 37 (August 2023) drove considerable vertical transport of water vapor in the northern summer season. Just days after the storm, enhanced water vapor concentrations were observed at altitudes over 40 km across northern high latitudes, followed by an increase in escaping hydrogen detected at the exobase. These results suggest that water loss on Mars can be triggered by strong local dust storms at any time of year.