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<p>Sea-level rise poses a significant threat to Africa’s vital coastal ecosystems and the livelihoods of its growing populations. Here we analyze 31 years of satellite altimetry data to quantify sea-level change across Africa’s Large Marine Ecosystems, vast ocean regions of high biological productivity. The rate of rise has accelerated markedly to 4.34 mm/yr since 2010, over four times the 1990s rate. This is primarily driven by two factors: an increase in ocean mass from melting ice sheets accounts for over 80% of the total rise, with the remainder reflecting the expansion of warming ocean water. Regional rates are fastest in the Red Sea and Guinea Current, while increased salinity suppresses the trend in the Mediterranean. 2023 was particularly severe, with record-high sea levels across nearly 40% of Africa’s surrounding ocean. This uneven rise intensifies risks for over 50 million coastal residents, underscoring the urgent need for region-specific adaptation.</p>

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Accelerating sea level rise in Africa and its large marine ecosystems since the 1990s

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月15日

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  • Franck Eitel Kemgang Ghomsi,
  • Julienne Stroeve,
  • Antonio Bonaduce,
  • Roshin P. Raj

摘要

Sea-level rise poses a significant threat to Africa’s vital coastal ecosystems and the livelihoods of its growing populations. Here we analyze 31 years of satellite altimetry data to quantify sea-level change across Africa’s Large Marine Ecosystems, vast ocean regions of high biological productivity. The rate of rise has accelerated markedly to 4.34 mm/yr since 2010, over four times the 1990s rate. This is primarily driven by two factors: an increase in ocean mass from melting ice sheets accounts for over 80% of the total rise, with the remainder reflecting the expansion of warming ocean water. Regional rates are fastest in the Red Sea and Guinea Current, while increased salinity suppresses the trend in the Mediterranean. 2023 was particularly severe, with record-high sea levels across nearly 40% of Africa’s surrounding ocean. This uneven rise intensifies risks for over 50 million coastal residents, underscoring the urgent need for region-specific adaptation.