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<p>This study aims to resolve conflicting observations of bismuth’s high-pressure phase transitions across static, intermediate, and shock compression regimes. We probed its high-pressure structural sequence using the dynamic diamond anvil cell with and time-resolved X-ray diffraction with microsecond resolution at an X-ray free-electron laser. At room temperature and pressures up to 20 gigapascals, bismuth evolves through the same structural sequence previously identified under static compression. However, the transformation behavior differs in important ways under dynamic loading. In particular, the transition from the incommensurate intermediate-pressure phase to the high symmetry high pressure phase begins at pressures about 2 to 4 gigapascals lower than in static experiments, and the onset of this transformation depends on the compression rate. As a result, the stability field of the intermediate-pressure phase is reduced under rapid compression. Our results suggest that at sufficiently fast loading rates the intermediate phase may be bypassed entirely, consistent with previous shock-compression observations.</p>

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Compression rate effects on the Bi-III stability field in dynamic diamond anvil cell XFEL studies of bismuth

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月21日

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  • Earl F. O’Bannon III,
  • Karen Appel,
  • Carsten Baehtz,
  • Victorien Bouffetier,
  • Jola Sztuk-Dambietz,
  • Anand P. Dwivedi,
  • Seyedmohammadali Hosseini-Saber,
  • Rachel J. Husband,
  • Zsolt Jenei,
  • Minseob Kim,
  • Zuzana Konopkova,
  • Torsten Laurus,
  • Matteo Levantino,
  • Hanns-Peter Liermann,
  • Paul Loubeyre,
  • Emma McBride,
  • James McHardy,
  • Malcom McMahon,
  • Ryan Stewart McWilliams,
  • Olivia Pardo,
  • Changyong Park,
  • Jan-Patrick Schwinkendorf,
  • Christopher Schröck,
  • Daniel Sneed,
  • Cornelius Strohm,
  • Minxue Tang,
  • María Eugenia Toimil-Molares,
  • Ioannis Tzifas,
  • Choong-Shik Yoo,
  • Charles M. Pépin

摘要

This study aims to resolve conflicting observations of bismuth’s high-pressure phase transitions across static, intermediate, and shock compression regimes. We probed its high-pressure structural sequence using the dynamic diamond anvil cell with and time-resolved X-ray diffraction with microsecond resolution at an X-ray free-electron laser. At room temperature and pressures up to 20 gigapascals, bismuth evolves through the same structural sequence previously identified under static compression. However, the transformation behavior differs in important ways under dynamic loading. In particular, the transition from the incommensurate intermediate-pressure phase to the high symmetry high pressure phase begins at pressures about 2 to 4 gigapascals lower than in static experiments, and the onset of this transformation depends on the compression rate. As a result, the stability field of the intermediate-pressure phase is reduced under rapid compression. Our results suggest that at sufficiently fast loading rates the intermediate phase may be bypassed entirely, consistent with previous shock-compression observations.