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<p>Controlling agricultural ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) and nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) emissions is vital for air quality and climate goals, yet policy synergies and trade-offs in mitigating these reactive nitrogen (Nr) remain unclear. Here, through an integrated framework combining high-resolution emission inventories with policy-specific scenario analysis, we evaluate China’s national agricultural policies for abating Nr emissions (2000–2022) and estimate synergies between NH<sub>3</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O abatements. China’s NH<sub>3</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O emissions peaked around 2015 and subsequently declined by 16% and 30% by 2022, respectively. Post-2015 synergistic achievements were driven mainly by fertilizer-reduction policies (~90% of abatements) with a sixfold increase in their synergetic level. Manure-management and straw-utilization policies showed limited overall effectiveness and trade-offs, though post-2015 synergies emerged in non-pastoral regions, highlighting spatial and sectoral heterogeneity. Optimized full-chain livestock management could reverse the overall trade-offs in this sector in the short term, achieving synergetic levels comparable to the fertilizer-reduction policies.</p>

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Policy synergies outweigh trade-offs for NH3 and N2O co-control in China

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月22日

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  • Fangming Jiang,
  • Zhang Wen,
  • Yixuan Zheng,
  • Zhulin Qi,
  • Wenxin Cao,
  • Yuxi Liu,
  • Chuchu Chen,
  • Yueyi Feng,
  • Xuying Wang,
  • Chenglin Yun,
  • Wu Yang,
  • Jinyu He,
  • Wei Liu,
  • Yamei Sun,
  • Zechen Zhang,
  • Jinsong Deng,
  • Jinnan Wang,
  • Yu Lei

摘要

Controlling agricultural ammonia (NH3) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions is vital for air quality and climate goals, yet policy synergies and trade-offs in mitigating these reactive nitrogen (Nr) remain unclear. Here, through an integrated framework combining high-resolution emission inventories with policy-specific scenario analysis, we evaluate China’s national agricultural policies for abating Nr emissions (2000–2022) and estimate synergies between NH3 and N2O abatements. China’s NH3 and N2O emissions peaked around 2015 and subsequently declined by 16% and 30% by 2022, respectively. Post-2015 synergistic achievements were driven mainly by fertilizer-reduction policies (~90% of abatements) with a sixfold increase in their synergetic level. Manure-management and straw-utilization policies showed limited overall effectiveness and trade-offs, though post-2015 synergies emerged in non-pastoral regions, highlighting spatial and sectoral heterogeneity. Optimized full-chain livestock management could reverse the overall trade-offs in this sector in the short term, achieving synergetic levels comparable to the fertilizer-reduction policies.