<p>Advanced photonic materials showing two-photon absorption (2PA) have been widely explored to develop three-dimensional imaging, micro and nanofabrication, all-optical switching, lithography on a nanoscale and many other enabling technologies. These all require nonlinear absorption chromophores with intrinsic 2PA cross-sections and long-term photo- and thermal stability. Here, we disclose the very first example of the dipolar carbene-metal-amide (CMA) material showing a enhanced 2PA cross-section up to 105 GM. Overall molecular design considerations such as extended π-conjugation (to increase polarizability), minimizing the singlet-triplet energy gap (ΔE<sub>ST</sub>), and using heavy metal atoms are the first design principles to obtain bright one- and two-photon excited thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) material, showing one of the highest radiative rate of 2.18·10<sup>6 </sup>s<sup>-1</sup> across CMA materials. Bright red CMA 2P-TADF material shows excellent photostability (LT<sub>50</sub> = 3 h) to 20 mW femtosecond pulsed laser excitation at 1000 nm, encouraging further CMA exploration for future applications in advanced photonic technologies requiring third-order nonlinear optical properties.</p><p></p>

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Enhanced third-order optical nonlinearity in a dipolar carbene-metal-amide material with two-photon excited delayed fluorescence

  • Ikechukwu D. Nwosu,
  • Lujo Matasović,
  • Tárcius N. Ramos,
  • Nguyen Le Phuoc,
  • Giacomo Londi,
  • Alexander J. Gillett,
  • Daniel T. W. Toolan,
  • Charles T. Smith,
  • George F. S. Whitehead,
  • Mireille Blanchard-Desce,
  • Jonathan Daniel,
  • Mikko Linnolahti,
  • Yoann Olivier,
  • Alexander S. Romanov

摘要

Advanced photonic materials showing two-photon absorption (2PA) have been widely explored to develop three-dimensional imaging, micro and nanofabrication, all-optical switching, lithography on a nanoscale and many other enabling technologies. These all require nonlinear absorption chromophores with intrinsic 2PA cross-sections and long-term photo- and thermal stability. Here, we disclose the very first example of the dipolar carbene-metal-amide (CMA) material showing a enhanced 2PA cross-section up to 105 GM. Overall molecular design considerations such as extended π-conjugation (to increase polarizability), minimizing the singlet-triplet energy gap (ΔEST), and using heavy metal atoms are the first design principles to obtain bright one- and two-photon excited thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) material, showing one of the highest radiative rate of 2.18·106 s-1 across CMA materials. Bright red CMA 2P-TADF material shows excellent photostability (LT50 = 3 h) to 20 mW femtosecond pulsed laser excitation at 1000 nm, encouraging further CMA exploration for future applications in advanced photonic technologies requiring third-order nonlinear optical properties.