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<p>Carbapenem-resistant <i>Enterobacter hormaechei</i> (CR-Eh) represents a critical global health threat, especially when carrying mobile antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) like <i>bla</i><sub>NDM</sub> and <i>mcr</i>. This study characterized three clinical CR-Eh isolates in the context of global genomic datasets, identifying distinct patterns of resistance gene carriage. Notably, <i>bla</i><sub>NDM-1</sub> was found duplicated on the chromosome of strain BC18 but resided on plasmids in other isolates. In contrast, <i>mcr-9</i> was detected in a conserved genetic context on an IncHI2 plasmid. Analysis of publicly available genomes from 47 countries demonstrated that <i>bla</i><sub>NDM</sub> variants (primarily <i>bla</i><sub>NDM-1</sub> and <i>bla</i><sub>NDM-5</sub>) and <i>mcr-9</i> are widely distributed globally. Within the available dataset, the isolates exhibited high genetic diversity, with numerous sequence types (including high-risk clones ST171 and ST190) and plasmids (IncX3/IncHI2) implicated in their spread. The strains carried an average of 14 ARGs&#xa0;each, and phylogenetic analysis suggested potential for cross-border and cross-habitat transmission. Collectively, our findings underscore that <i>E. hormaechei</i> is not merely a pathogen but a highly adaptable genetic reservoir for ARG accumulation and dissemination, highlighting the urgent need for systematic One Health genomic surveillance.</p>

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Global genomic and molecular epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter hormaechei

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月15日

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  • Xiaoqian Long,
  • Xiaohe Hu,
  • Na Liu,
  • Yujie Zhu,
  • Guoping Zhao,
  • Jiangang Ma,
  • Biao Tang

摘要

Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter hormaechei (CR-Eh) represents a critical global health threat, especially when carrying mobile antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) like blaNDM and mcr. This study characterized three clinical CR-Eh isolates in the context of global genomic datasets, identifying distinct patterns of resistance gene carriage. Notably, blaNDM-1 was found duplicated on the chromosome of strain BC18 but resided on plasmids in other isolates. In contrast, mcr-9 was detected in a conserved genetic context on an IncHI2 plasmid. Analysis of publicly available genomes from 47 countries demonstrated that blaNDM variants (primarily blaNDM-1 and blaNDM-5) and mcr-9 are widely distributed globally. Within the available dataset, the isolates exhibited high genetic diversity, with numerous sequence types (including high-risk clones ST171 and ST190) and plasmids (IncX3/IncHI2) implicated in their spread. The strains carried an average of 14 ARGs each, and phylogenetic analysis suggested potential for cross-border and cross-habitat transmission. Collectively, our findings underscore that E. hormaechei is not merely a pathogen but a highly adaptable genetic reservoir for ARG accumulation and dissemination, highlighting the urgent need for systematic One Health genomic surveillance.