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<p>P2-like viruses (P2Vs), temperate phages of the <i>Peduoviridae</i> family, possess a lysogenic lifestyle that renders traditional isolation unsuitable, hindering our understanding of their diversity and ecological roles. Utilizing profile-hidden Markov models to analyze public databases, this study achieved four major advances: (1) Identified 5945 P2V genomes and built the P2V Genome Dataset (P2VGD), expanding known genomes 48-fold; (2) Phylogenetic classification into 13 superclades and 4671 genus-level clusters, a 106-fold diversity increase; (3) Identification of 757 auxiliary metabolic genes with biome-specific metatranscriptomic activities: human gut P2Vs encode antibiotic efflux and cell-wall remodeling enzymes, while oligotrophic marine P2Vs express glycan-scavenging enzymes; (4) Uncovering their widespread distribution across diverse biomes, dominated by host-associated environments but extending to under-sampled natural ecosystems. These findings greatly expand the genomic and functional understanding of P2Vs, highlighting their biological strategies in host adaptation, virus-host co-evolution, and microbiome dynamics.</p>

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Global genomic diversity of temperate P2-like viruses

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月9日

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  • Yundan Liu,
  • Ruize Liu,
  • Kaiyang Zheng,
  • Ziyue Wang,
  • Hongbing Shao,
  • Andrew McMinn,
  • Min Wang,
  • Yantao Liang

摘要

P2-like viruses (P2Vs), temperate phages of the Peduoviridae family, possess a lysogenic lifestyle that renders traditional isolation unsuitable, hindering our understanding of their diversity and ecological roles. Utilizing profile-hidden Markov models to analyze public databases, this study achieved four major advances: (1) Identified 5945 P2V genomes and built the P2V Genome Dataset (P2VGD), expanding known genomes 48-fold; (2) Phylogenetic classification into 13 superclades and 4671 genus-level clusters, a 106-fold diversity increase; (3) Identification of 757 auxiliary metabolic genes with biome-specific metatranscriptomic activities: human gut P2Vs encode antibiotic efflux and cell-wall remodeling enzymes, while oligotrophic marine P2Vs express glycan-scavenging enzymes; (4) Uncovering their widespread distribution across diverse biomes, dominated by host-associated environments but extending to under-sampled natural ecosystems. These findings greatly expand the genomic and functional understanding of P2Vs, highlighting their biological strategies in host adaptation, virus-host co-evolution, and microbiome dynamics.