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<p>Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) encodes the orphan G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) UL33, which exhibits constitutive activity that disrupts host G protein signalling, facilitating efficient viral replication and pathogenesis. The cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of UL33 bound to the G<sub>s</sub> subtype of G protein reveals the N-terminal peptide as a tethered ligand reminiscent of the protease-activated receptors and adhesion GPCRs. This self-agonism induces a non-canonical active state that facilitates promiscuous G protein coupling, a plausible viral strategy for fine-tuning host signalling. Structure-guided mutagenesis disrupting key interactions between the N-terminus and its binding pocket abolishes G protein-mediated signalling, confirming the role of the N-terminus as a self-agonist. Our findings elucidate the structural basis for this activation mechanism and highlight the strategies employed by HCMV to hijack host G protein signalling.</p>

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Activation of cytomegalovirus-encoded G protein-coupled receptor UL33 by an innate N-terminal peptide

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月12日

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  • Anna K. Drzazga,
  • Shota Suzuki,
  • Caroline Wouters,
  • Felix Faas,
  • Kouki Nishikawa,
  • Akiko Kamegawa,
  • Yoshinori Fujiyoshi,
  • Mette M. Rosenkilde,
  • Naotaka Tsutsumi

摘要

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) encodes the orphan G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) UL33, which exhibits constitutive activity that disrupts host G protein signalling, facilitating efficient viral replication and pathogenesis. The cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of UL33 bound to the Gs subtype of G protein reveals the N-terminal peptide as a tethered ligand reminiscent of the protease-activated receptors and adhesion GPCRs. This self-agonism induces a non-canonical active state that facilitates promiscuous G protein coupling, a plausible viral strategy for fine-tuning host signalling. Structure-guided mutagenesis disrupting key interactions between the N-terminus and its binding pocket abolishes G protein-mediated signalling, confirming the role of the N-terminus as a self-agonist. Our findings elucidate the structural basis for this activation mechanism and highlight the strategies employed by HCMV to hijack host G protein signalling.