<p>Quantum communication at microwave frequencies is of use in the development of scalable quantum networks. However, such networks are fundamentally constrained by the susceptibility of microwave photons to thermal noise. Here we report a thermal-noise-resilient microwave quantum network with coherent coupling between two superconducting qubits through a 4-K-thermalized niobium–titanium transmission line. By overcoupling the communication channel to a cold load at 10 mK, we suppress the effective thermal occupancy of the channel to 0.06 photons through radiative cooling—a reduction that is 2 orders of magnitude below ambient thermal noise. We then decouple the cold load and rapidly transfer microwave quantum states through the channel while it rethermalizes. With this approach, we achieve a 58.5% process fidelity for quantum state transfer and a 52.3% Bell entanglement fidelity without correcting for readout errors, both exceeding the classical communication threshold of 1/2. We also develop a set-up with improved channel coherence at 1 K and use this to achieve a Bell entanglement fidelity of 93.6%. As a benchmark, we demonstrate that Bell’s inequality is unambiguously violated with this remote entanglement, without correcting for readout errors.</p>