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<p>Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a leading cause of preventable death among patients undergoing systemic treatment for cancer. Studies suggest that treatment strategies such as direct oral anticoagulant administration can significantly reduce the likelihood of VTE. Therefore, identifying people at high risk is of critical importance. Leveraging electronic health records (EHRs) from the U.S. Veterans Affairs (VA) healthcare system, we developed a transformer model to predict VTE risk in 80,808 cancer patients following the initiation of systemic treatment. The model uses longitudinal diagnostic codes, laboratory values, and demographic data. The proposed transformer model dynamically predicts VTE risk in 3-month quarterly intervals over the year following systemic treatment, achieving progressively improved performance across quarters (AUC: 0.68–0.77). The model is similarly performant on the external validation cohort from the Harris Health System (HHS) with 9752 patients (AUC: 0.68–0.74). By improving its predictions as a patient’s history evolves, this dynamic model surpasses prior static risk scores and better supports actionable decisions deeper into the treatment course.</p>

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A deep learning model to dynamically predict cancer-associated thromboembolism in large-scale healthcare systems

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月18日

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  • Tianshe He,
  • Chunlei Zheng,
  • Jennifer La,
  • Dang Pham,
  • Omid Jafari,
  • Jamie Strampe,
  • Karlynn Dulberger,
  • Jaime Ramos-Cejudo,
  • J. Michael Gaziano,
  • Nhan V. Do,
  • Vipul Chitalia,
  • Katya Ravid,
  • Ang Li,
  • Nathanael R. Fillmore

摘要

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a leading cause of preventable death among patients undergoing systemic treatment for cancer. Studies suggest that treatment strategies such as direct oral anticoagulant administration can significantly reduce the likelihood of VTE. Therefore, identifying people at high risk is of critical importance. Leveraging electronic health records (EHRs) from the U.S. Veterans Affairs (VA) healthcare system, we developed a transformer model to predict VTE risk in 80,808 cancer patients following the initiation of systemic treatment. The model uses longitudinal diagnostic codes, laboratory values, and demographic data. The proposed transformer model dynamically predicts VTE risk in 3-month quarterly intervals over the year following systemic treatment, achieving progressively improved performance across quarters (AUC: 0.68–0.77). The model is similarly performant on the external validation cohort from the Harris Health System (HHS) with 9752 patients (AUC: 0.68–0.74). By improving its predictions as a patient’s history evolves, this dynamic model surpasses prior static risk scores and better supports actionable decisions deeper into the treatment course.