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<p>Greenhouse pepper is frequently attacked by two economically important mites: the broad mite <i>Polyphagotarsonemus latus</i> (Banks) (Acari: Tarsonemidae) and the two-spotted spider mite <i>Tetranychus urticae</i> Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). The release of the predatory mite <i>Neoseiulus californicus</i> (McGregor) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) is increasingly considered as a sustainable alternative to chemical control; however, its interactions with these pests on pepper have not been characterized. In this study, the efficacy of the predatory mite <i>N. californicus</i> in population suppression of <i>P. latus</i> and <i>T. urticae</i> was evaluated under greenhouse conditions. In addition, population densities and spatial distribution patterns of both pests as well as the predator were determined at the upper and lower plant levels based on a stratified sampling procedure. In this study, 10,000 <i>N. californicus</i> (≈ 20 mites/m<sup>2</sup>) were released using a randomized complete block design with three replications. Sampling was conducted at approximately two-day intervals for 14 days. Our results showed that <i>N. californicus</i> was able to successfully establish on pepper plants, feed, reproduce, and reduce the broad mite and two-spotted spider mite populations. The density of broad mite eggs declined markedly in the released plots during the sampling period, reaching 0.33 ± 0.23 eggs per leaf on June 19, whereas the highest density recorded in the unreleased plots was 171.5 ± 32.6 eggs per leaf on June 8. The predatory mite population varied significantly over time, with a trend of increasing predator populations evident 25 days after the first release, suggesting that future experiments should evaluate whether additional releases around this period improve control. Overall, <i>N. californicus</i> effectively suppressed populations of both <i>P. latus</i> and <i>T. urticae</i>, highlighting its suitability for use in biological control programs within integrated pest management strategies. This study was conducted under limited sampling conditions, and further studies involving longer sampling periods throughout the crop growing season under greenhouse conditions are recommended. Such studies could provide a more accurate understanding of the population dynamics of both pest and predatory mites and help determine appropriate re-release intervals for more effective biological control.</p>

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Simultaneous suppression of Polyphagotarsonemus latus and Tetranychus urticae by Neoseiulus californicus on greenhouse pepper

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月4日

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  • Elnaz Fadaei,
  • Mohammad Mehrabadi,
  • Abdoolnabi Bagheri,
  • Arash Rashed,
  • Yaghoub Fathipour

摘要

Greenhouse pepper is frequently attacked by two economically important mites: the broad mite Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) (Acari: Tarsonemidae) and the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). The release of the predatory mite Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) is increasingly considered as a sustainable alternative to chemical control; however, its interactions with these pests on pepper have not been characterized. In this study, the efficacy of the predatory mite N. californicus in population suppression of P. latus and T. urticae was evaluated under greenhouse conditions. In addition, population densities and spatial distribution patterns of both pests as well as the predator were determined at the upper and lower plant levels based on a stratified sampling procedure. In this study, 10,000 N. californicus (≈ 20 mites/m2) were released using a randomized complete block design with three replications. Sampling was conducted at approximately two-day intervals for 14 days. Our results showed that N. californicus was able to successfully establish on pepper plants, feed, reproduce, and reduce the broad mite and two-spotted spider mite populations. The density of broad mite eggs declined markedly in the released plots during the sampling period, reaching 0.33 ± 0.23 eggs per leaf on June 19, whereas the highest density recorded in the unreleased plots was 171.5 ± 32.6 eggs per leaf on June 8. The predatory mite population varied significantly over time, with a trend of increasing predator populations evident 25 days after the first release, suggesting that future experiments should evaluate whether additional releases around this period improve control. Overall, N. californicus effectively suppressed populations of both P. latus and T. urticae, highlighting its suitability for use in biological control programs within integrated pest management strategies. This study was conducted under limited sampling conditions, and further studies involving longer sampling periods throughout the crop growing season under greenhouse conditions are recommended. Such studies could provide a more accurate understanding of the population dynamics of both pest and predatory mites and help determine appropriate re-release intervals for more effective biological control.