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<p>Cancer patients are at increased risk of psychological distress, particularly anxiety and depression, due to the prolonged disease course, prognosis uncertainty, and intensive treatment demands. However, limited evidence exists on the mental health status of cancer patients receiving institutional care in Bangladesh, especially in private healthcare settings. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and socio-clinical factors associated with anxiety and depression among adult cancer patients undergoing active treatment. This cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2024 and February 2025 at the outpatient cancer care centre of a private tertiary medical college hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Clinico-epidemiological data were collected from 416 cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy through face-to-face interviews. Anxiety and depression were assessed using the GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scales, respectively. We ran multivariable logistic regression models to identify demographic and clinical factors associated with moderate to severe levels (score ≥ 10) of anxiety and depression. The median age of the participants was 50 years (IQR: 40–60 years), and 56% of them were female. Moderate to severe anxiety and depression were reported by 34.14% (95% CI: 29.72–38.85) and 43.75% (95% CI: 39.03–48.58) of the patients, respectively. Lower levels of education and income were independently associated with both outcomes. Female patients (aOR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.11–2.45) and those with metastasis (aOR: 1.74; 95% CI: 1.05–2.90) had higher odds of depression. Compared with hematologic malignancies, patients with solid tumors had higher odds of experiencing both anxiety (aOR: 2.17; 95% CI: 1.02–4.61) and depression (aOR: 2.30; 95% CI: 1.02–5.23). Anxiety was significantly associated with hepatobiliary and gastric cancers, while depression was significantly associated with breast and hepatobiliary cancers. Our findings indicate a substantial burden of anxiety and depression among cancer patients receiving active treatment, particularly among women, low-income patients, and those with advanced or solid tumors. Integrating psychosocial support into oncology care, alongside improved provider capacity for identification and referral, may improve the recognition of these conditions in tertiary cancer care settings.</p>

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Prevalence and factors associated with anxiety and depression among cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy: a cross-sectional study at a private tertiary hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月2日

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  • Homayra Rahman Shoshi,
  • Ashrak Shad Pyash,
  • Rabab Sultana,
  • Md. Allama Faysal,
  • Abul Hasanat Alamgir

摘要

Cancer patients are at increased risk of psychological distress, particularly anxiety and depression, due to the prolonged disease course, prognosis uncertainty, and intensive treatment demands. However, limited evidence exists on the mental health status of cancer patients receiving institutional care in Bangladesh, especially in private healthcare settings. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and socio-clinical factors associated with anxiety and depression among adult cancer patients undergoing active treatment. This cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2024 and February 2025 at the outpatient cancer care centre of a private tertiary medical college hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Clinico-epidemiological data were collected from 416 cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy through face-to-face interviews. Anxiety and depression were assessed using the GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scales, respectively. We ran multivariable logistic regression models to identify demographic and clinical factors associated with moderate to severe levels (score ≥ 10) of anxiety and depression. The median age of the participants was 50 years (IQR: 40–60 years), and 56% of them were female. Moderate to severe anxiety and depression were reported by 34.14% (95% CI: 29.72–38.85) and 43.75% (95% CI: 39.03–48.58) of the patients, respectively. Lower levels of education and income were independently associated with both outcomes. Female patients (aOR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.11–2.45) and those with metastasis (aOR: 1.74; 95% CI: 1.05–2.90) had higher odds of depression. Compared with hematologic malignancies, patients with solid tumors had higher odds of experiencing both anxiety (aOR: 2.17; 95% CI: 1.02–4.61) and depression (aOR: 2.30; 95% CI: 1.02–5.23). Anxiety was significantly associated with hepatobiliary and gastric cancers, while depression was significantly associated with breast and hepatobiliary cancers. Our findings indicate a substantial burden of anxiety and depression among cancer patients receiving active treatment, particularly among women, low-income patients, and those with advanced or solid tumors. Integrating psychosocial support into oncology care, alongside improved provider capacity for identification and referral, may improve the recognition of these conditions in tertiary cancer care settings.