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<p>Aligned with the global agenda for sustainable urban regeneration, this study examines how different dimensions of old residential community renovation relate to residents’ subjective well-being (SWB) in urban China. SWB is defined as residents’ situated evaluation of community life, operationalised through happiness, neighbourhood relations, and perceived safety. A dual-path framework is developed to link four renovation dimensions, physical environment, infrastructure, community services, and property management, to SWB directly and indirectly through resident participation, captured through consultation, information disclosure, feedback mechanism, and post-renovation evaluation. Based on 2,236 valid household responses from 36 renovated communities in Hangzhou, China, this study employs structural equation modelling to simultaneously estimate the direct paths from each renovation dimension to SWB and the indirect paths mediated through resident participation. The results show that physical environment and infrastructure exhibit significant positive direct paths to SWB, whereas community services and property management do not. Resident participation is positively associated with SWB and selectively mediates the relationships of physical environment and community services with SWB, while the indirect paths through infrastructure and property management remain non-significant. Heterogeneity analyses further indicate that SWB among lower-income residents is mainly related to improvements in the physical environment and infrastructure, whereas higher-income residents are additionally responsive to community services and participation. Among older residents, community services and participation, rather than infrastructure, emerge as salient correlates of SWB. These findings suggest that built-environment upgrading and participatory governance function as complementary but group-sensitive mechanisms of well-being. Policy efforts should therefore move beyond a narrow technical approach toward a staged and group-differentiated strategy that prioritises essential environmental improvements while embedding responsive services and institutionalised participatory channels to meet diverse needs.</p>

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Renovation dimensions and residents’ subjective well-being in old residential neighbourhoods: a structural equation modeling study in Hangzhou, China

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月2日

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  • Xinqu Xia,
  • Yan Sun,
  • Wenjie Hu

摘要

Aligned with the global agenda for sustainable urban regeneration, this study examines how different dimensions of old residential community renovation relate to residents’ subjective well-being (SWB) in urban China. SWB is defined as residents’ situated evaluation of community life, operationalised through happiness, neighbourhood relations, and perceived safety. A dual-path framework is developed to link four renovation dimensions, physical environment, infrastructure, community services, and property management, to SWB directly and indirectly through resident participation, captured through consultation, information disclosure, feedback mechanism, and post-renovation evaluation. Based on 2,236 valid household responses from 36 renovated communities in Hangzhou, China, this study employs structural equation modelling to simultaneously estimate the direct paths from each renovation dimension to SWB and the indirect paths mediated through resident participation. The results show that physical environment and infrastructure exhibit significant positive direct paths to SWB, whereas community services and property management do not. Resident participation is positively associated with SWB and selectively mediates the relationships of physical environment and community services with SWB, while the indirect paths through infrastructure and property management remain non-significant. Heterogeneity analyses further indicate that SWB among lower-income residents is mainly related to improvements in the physical environment and infrastructure, whereas higher-income residents are additionally responsive to community services and participation. Among older residents, community services and participation, rather than infrastructure, emerge as salient correlates of SWB. These findings suggest that built-environment upgrading and participatory governance function as complementary but group-sensitive mechanisms of well-being. Policy efforts should therefore move beyond a narrow technical approach toward a staged and group-differentiated strategy that prioritises essential environmental improvements while embedding responsive services and institutionalised participatory channels to meet diverse needs.