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<p>Legumes (Fabaceae) play a central role in various food systems due to their nutritional, agronomic and ecological importance. Their high protein content, mainly composed of globulins and albumins, makes them valuable for both human and animal consumption. Among the albumins, Pea Albumin 1b (PA1b), a 37-amino-acid peptide from <i>Pisum sativum</i> seeds, exhibits potent insecticidal activity against various insects. Several <i>A1</i> genes encoding homologous A1b peptides have been identified in other Fabaceae species, representing a promising source of natural entomotoxic peptides. This study aimed to (i) assess the insecticidal activity of legume seed flours from the Middle Eastern Faboideae species against the rice weevil <i>Sitophilus oryzae</i>, a common storage pest, and (ii) to investigate the diversity and evolution of A1b homologs through genomic characterization, sequence structure analysis, and phylogenetic reconstruction. Toxicity tests revealed that several seeds exhibited insecticidal activity correlated with the presence of putative A1b peptides that retain conserved structural properties across species from different geographical origins. Sequence analyses showed both conservation and diversification among A1b homologs, consistent with evolutionary divergence within the Fabaceae. The loss of toxicity has been linked to a reduction in selective pressure on the corresponding paralogues. Notably, <i>Vicia sativa</i> and <i>Medicago minima</i> emerged as promising candidates for producing A1b homologs with insecticidal potential, offering a sustainable alternative to conventional insecticides.</p>

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Diversity of insecticidal A1b homologs among legume seeds from Middle Eastern region

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月21日

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  • Fatima Diya,
  • Hubert Charles,
  • Agnès Vallier,
  • Isabelle Rahioui,
  • Sylvain Benhamou,
  • Lamis Karaki,
  • Kenan Biyik,
  • Linda Kfoury,
  • Pedro Da Silva,
  • Francine Rizk

摘要

Legumes (Fabaceae) play a central role in various food systems due to their nutritional, agronomic and ecological importance. Their high protein content, mainly composed of globulins and albumins, makes them valuable for both human and animal consumption. Among the albumins, Pea Albumin 1b (PA1b), a 37-amino-acid peptide from Pisum sativum seeds, exhibits potent insecticidal activity against various insects. Several A1 genes encoding homologous A1b peptides have been identified in other Fabaceae species, representing a promising source of natural entomotoxic peptides. This study aimed to (i) assess the insecticidal activity of legume seed flours from the Middle Eastern Faboideae species against the rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae, a common storage pest, and (ii) to investigate the diversity and evolution of A1b homologs through genomic characterization, sequence structure analysis, and phylogenetic reconstruction. Toxicity tests revealed that several seeds exhibited insecticidal activity correlated with the presence of putative A1b peptides that retain conserved structural properties across species from different geographical origins. Sequence analyses showed both conservation and diversification among A1b homologs, consistent with evolutionary divergence within the Fabaceae. The loss of toxicity has been linked to a reduction in selective pressure on the corresponding paralogues. Notably, Vicia sativa and Medicago minima emerged as promising candidates for producing A1b homologs with insecticidal potential, offering a sustainable alternative to conventional insecticides.