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<p>Here we report the microbiome composition and lipid (molecular and isotopic) profile of gills from <i>Archivesica</i> sp. Atacama., a new species of deep-sea bivalve family Vesicomyidae collected at 2839&#xa0;m depth on the eastern slope of the Atacama Trench. Metabarcoding unveiled that 99.44% of the microbial ASVs (Amplicon Sequence Variant) obtained from this bivalve’s gills belonged to <i>Ca. Vesicomyosocius</i> sp. atacamensis, a bacterium closely related to symbionts of other vesicomycoids based on the 16&#xa0;S rRNA phylogeny (a putative chemoautotrophic sulfide-oxidizing bacterium Form I RubisCO). Additional ASVs included microbes from taxa known for their ability to oxidize sulfur. Consistent with the microbiome composition, the analysis of lipid biomarkers in the gills revealed a high abundance of C<sub>16:1ω7</sub> and C<sub>18:1ω7</sub> fatty acids, well-known markers of sulfide-oxidizing (thiotrophic) bacterial metabolisms. The δ¹³C values of the bivalve’s bulk gills (-35.5‰) and of individual fatty acids (-40.0 to -46.5‰) were typical of bivalves hosting thiotrophic endosymbionts utilizing form I RubisCO for carbon fixation. In addition, nearby sediments showed a significant presence of terminal branched (<i>iso</i>/<i>anteiso</i> C<sub>13</sub>-C<sub>17</sub>), mid branched (10Me-C<sub>16</sub> and 10Me-C<sub>18</sub>) and cyclopropyl (Cy<sub>17</sub> and Cy<sub>19</sub>) fatty acids, coherent with sulfate-reducing bacterial (SRB) communities found by metabarcoding. These findings confirm that thiotrophic symbiosis provides energy for the new deep-sea <i>Archivesica</i> bivalve reported here.</p>

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Discovery of a novel sulfur-oxidizing endosymbiont (Ca. Vesicomyosocius atacamensis) associated with a newly described Archivesica species from the Atacama Trench

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月14日

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  • Daniel Carrizo,
  • Laura Sánchez-García,
  • Javier Sánchez-España,
  • Olga Prieto-Ballesteros,
  • Isabel Herreros,
  • Nikolaos V. Schizas,
  • Guillermo Guzman,
  • Alexis Gacitua,
  • Antonio Molina,
  • Mara Laguna-Castro,
  • Miguel Arribas Tiemblo,
  • Karolina Rivera-Osorio,
  • Óscar Ercilla Herrero,
  • Victoria Baca,
  • Amber Y. X. Wu,
  • Carlos González-Silva,
  • Rodrigo Azua-Bustos,
  • Andrew Palmer,
  • Caitlyn Hubric,
  • Walter Siefeld Kowald,
  • Muriel Rivera,
  • Cristian Vargas,
  • Jacek Wierzchos,
  • Armando Azua-Bustos

摘要

Here we report the microbiome composition and lipid (molecular and isotopic) profile of gills from Archivesica sp. Atacama., a new species of deep-sea bivalve family Vesicomyidae collected at 2839 m depth on the eastern slope of the Atacama Trench. Metabarcoding unveiled that 99.44% of the microbial ASVs (Amplicon Sequence Variant) obtained from this bivalve’s gills belonged to Ca. Vesicomyosocius sp. atacamensis, a bacterium closely related to symbionts of other vesicomycoids based on the 16 S rRNA phylogeny (a putative chemoautotrophic sulfide-oxidizing bacterium Form I RubisCO). Additional ASVs included microbes from taxa known for their ability to oxidize sulfur. Consistent with the microbiome composition, the analysis of lipid biomarkers in the gills revealed a high abundance of C16:1ω7 and C18:1ω7 fatty acids, well-known markers of sulfide-oxidizing (thiotrophic) bacterial metabolisms. The δ¹³C values of the bivalve’s bulk gills (-35.5‰) and of individual fatty acids (-40.0 to -46.5‰) were typical of bivalves hosting thiotrophic endosymbionts utilizing form I RubisCO for carbon fixation. In addition, nearby sediments showed a significant presence of terminal branched (iso/anteiso C13-C17), mid branched (10Me-C16 and 10Me-C18) and cyclopropyl (Cy17 and Cy19) fatty acids, coherent with sulfate-reducing bacterial (SRB) communities found by metabarcoding. These findings confirm that thiotrophic symbiosis provides energy for the new deep-sea Archivesica bivalve reported here.