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<p>Older adults often overestimate their visual abilities or overlook symptoms of visual decline. This study analysed self- and examiner ratings of older adults’ visual functioning in orientation and mobility (O&amp;M) and the impact of specific questions on self-ratings. Assessments were conducted by three trained examiners (vision rehabilitation therapists). Data were collected through a semi-structured interview and standardised visual function tests. The interview included one overall question, specific questions addressing the use of vision in various mobility situations, and both self- and examiner ratings on a Likert-type scale. A significant difference was found between self- and examiner ratings (Z = − 3.88, <i>p</i> &lt; .001). The results showed moderate agreement (κ = 0.44, 95% CI [0.13, 0.63], <i>p</i> &lt; .001), indicating similar overall trends but limited alignment in individual cases. Older adults, when asked general questions about using vision in O&amp;M, tend to overestimate their vision. However, they were able to self-estimate their visual functioning in accordance with their actual visual functions, when asked even a few questions describing specific situations. Questions that include brief descriptions of vision-related situations make responses from older adults more objective and reliable. Therefore, screening for visual functioning difficulties in O&amp;M must include specific questions based on the daily routines of older adults and residential care home settings.</p>

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Self- and examiner perspective of visual functioning in orientation and mobility of older adults living in residential care homes in Croatia

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月11日

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  • Andrea Paulik,
  • Sonja Alimović,
  • Matea Kasun Luburić

摘要

Older adults often overestimate their visual abilities or overlook symptoms of visual decline. This study analysed self- and examiner ratings of older adults’ visual functioning in orientation and mobility (O&M) and the impact of specific questions on self-ratings. Assessments were conducted by three trained examiners (vision rehabilitation therapists). Data were collected through a semi-structured interview and standardised visual function tests. The interview included one overall question, specific questions addressing the use of vision in various mobility situations, and both self- and examiner ratings on a Likert-type scale. A significant difference was found between self- and examiner ratings (Z = − 3.88, p < .001). The results showed moderate agreement (κ = 0.44, 95% CI [0.13, 0.63], p < .001), indicating similar overall trends but limited alignment in individual cases. Older adults, when asked general questions about using vision in O&M, tend to overestimate their vision. However, they were able to self-estimate their visual functioning in accordance with their actual visual functions, when asked even a few questions describing specific situations. Questions that include brief descriptions of vision-related situations make responses from older adults more objective and reliable. Therefore, screening for visual functioning difficulties in O&M must include specific questions based on the daily routines of older adults and residential care home settings.