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<p>This paper presents the experimental study to evaluate the effect of adding the nitromethane (NM) with 20% n-butanol-diesel blend (B20) on the performance and emission characteristics of a EGR (exhaust gas recirculation) enabled diesel engine. The prime objective was to determine the optimum NM concentration and EGR rate that would enable effective control of exhaust smoke and NOx emissions with reasonable engine performance. The experiments were conducted on a vertical, single-cylinder, four-stroke, water-cooled, constant speed, direct injection diesel engine. NM was mixed with B20 at a ratio of 1% to 3% by volume, while the EGR rate was varied from 10% to 30%. A systematic experimental design was developed using Design Expert software to analyse the mutual effects of NM blending in fuel and application of EGR on engine responses. The analysis shows that the engine exhibited optimum results of performance and emissions with 2% NM added in 20% butanol-diesel blend(B20) combined with 15% EGR (B20NM2EGR15) under higher engine loading. For the derived optimized condition, smoke emissions were reduced by 64.45% and 32.14%, while NO<sub>x</sub> emissions declined by 25% and 17.18% as compared to diesel and B20, respectively. The brake thermal efficiency (BTE) for the optimized blend increased by 14.7% and 2.22% as compared to diesel and B20 respectively. Counter side, for B20NM2EGR15 the brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) increased by 10.5% and 8.4% as compared to diesel and B20 respectively. The results show that the combined use of NM and EGR is an effective way to control smoke &amp; NOx simultaneously with reasonable engine performance and are promising towards future emission norms.</p>

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Experimental investigation and RSM optimization of performance and emissions in a diesel engine fueled with nitromethane/n-Butanol-diesel blends with exhaust gas recirculation

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月29日

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  • Ashish Nayyar,
  • Chandan kumar,
  • Rahul Goyal

摘要

This paper presents the experimental study to evaluate the effect of adding the nitromethane (NM) with 20% n-butanol-diesel blend (B20) on the performance and emission characteristics of a EGR (exhaust gas recirculation) enabled diesel engine. The prime objective was to determine the optimum NM concentration and EGR rate that would enable effective control of exhaust smoke and NOx emissions with reasonable engine performance. The experiments were conducted on a vertical, single-cylinder, four-stroke, water-cooled, constant speed, direct injection diesel engine. NM was mixed with B20 at a ratio of 1% to 3% by volume, while the EGR rate was varied from 10% to 30%. A systematic experimental design was developed using Design Expert software to analyse the mutual effects of NM blending in fuel and application of EGR on engine responses. The analysis shows that the engine exhibited optimum results of performance and emissions with 2% NM added in 20% butanol-diesel blend(B20) combined with 15% EGR (B20NM2EGR15) under higher engine loading. For the derived optimized condition, smoke emissions were reduced by 64.45% and 32.14%, while NOx emissions declined by 25% and 17.18% as compared to diesel and B20, respectively. The brake thermal efficiency (BTE) for the optimized blend increased by 14.7% and 2.22% as compared to diesel and B20 respectively. Counter side, for B20NM2EGR15 the brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) increased by 10.5% and 8.4% as compared to diesel and B20 respectively. The results show that the combined use of NM and EGR is an effective way to control smoke & NOx simultaneously with reasonable engine performance and are promising towards future emission norms.