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<p>The alignment between actual motor competence (AMC) and perceived motor competence (PMC) is theorized to influence children’s physical activity (PA) and body mass index (BMI), yet empirical evidence using person-centered approaches remains limited. This study identified distinct motor competence profiles in Chinese children and examined their differential associations with PA and BMI. In a sample of 540 children aged 6–10&#xa0;years from Jinhua City, AMC, PMC, and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) were assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development-3rd Edition, Pictorial Scale of Perceived Movement Skill Competence, and 7-day accelerometer monitoring. Latent profile analysis revealed three distinct profiles: <i>High Competence</i> (aligned high AMC and PMC, 37.6%), <i>Overestimation</i> (low AMC but high PMC, 43.0%), and <i>Devaluation</i> (high AMC but low PMC, 19.4%). Profile membership showed significant associations with age and sex, with older children and males more frequently classified in the <i>Devaluation</i> profile. Both discrepant profiles demonstrated substantially lower PA levels, engaging in over 10 fewer minutes of daily MVPA than the <i>High Competence</i> group&#xa0;(<i>Devaluation</i>: − 10.65&#xa0;min/day, p &lt; 0.001; <i>Overestimation</i>: − 10.28&#xa0;min/day, p = 0.002). Notably, BMI z-scores diverged between discrepant profiles: the <i>Devaluation</i> profile showed higher BMI z-scores while the <i>Overestimation</i> profile showed lower BMI z-scores compared to the <i>High Competence</i> reference. These findings highlight that the congruence between AMC and PMC, rather than either factor in isolation, is significantly associated with children’s PA and BMI and may represent an important target for health intervention.</p>

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Latent profiles of actual and perceived motor competence are associated with physical activity and BMI in childhood: a latent profile analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月1日

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  • Xi Chen,
  • Jiao Feng,
  • Chengliang Liu,
  • Yang Chen,
  • Yulan Zhou

摘要

The alignment between actual motor competence (AMC) and perceived motor competence (PMC) is theorized to influence children’s physical activity (PA) and body mass index (BMI), yet empirical evidence using person-centered approaches remains limited. This study identified distinct motor competence profiles in Chinese children and examined their differential associations with PA and BMI. In a sample of 540 children aged 6–10 years from Jinhua City, AMC, PMC, and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) were assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development-3rd Edition, Pictorial Scale of Perceived Movement Skill Competence, and 7-day accelerometer monitoring. Latent profile analysis revealed three distinct profiles: High Competence (aligned high AMC and PMC, 37.6%), Overestimation (low AMC but high PMC, 43.0%), and Devaluation (high AMC but low PMC, 19.4%). Profile membership showed significant associations with age and sex, with older children and males more frequently classified in the Devaluation profile. Both discrepant profiles demonstrated substantially lower PA levels, engaging in over 10 fewer minutes of daily MVPA than the High Competence group (Devaluation: − 10.65 min/day, p < 0.001; Overestimation: − 10.28 min/day, p = 0.002). Notably, BMI z-scores diverged between discrepant profiles: the Devaluation profile showed higher BMI z-scores while the Overestimation profile showed lower BMI z-scores compared to the High Competence reference. These findings highlight that the congruence between AMC and PMC, rather than either factor in isolation, is significantly associated with children’s PA and BMI and may represent an important target for health intervention.