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<p>This study optimized ultrasonic-assisted ethanol extraction of dried <i>Litsea cubeba</i> fruits using response surface methodology, identified chemical components by GC‑MS, and explored the antibacterial mechanism against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. The optimal conditions were 60 °C, 60&#xa0;min, and solid‑liquid ratio 1:25&#xa0;g/mL, with an antibacterial rate of 83.42%. GC‑MS detected 20 compounds, dominated by lauric acid, oleic acid, and palmitic acid. The extract showed concentration‑dependent bactericidal activity with MIC 0.16&#xa0;mg/mL and MBC 0.31&#xa0;mg/mL. It disrupted bacterial cell wall and membrane integrity, causing leakage of AKP, nucleic acids, and proteins. This work supports <i>L. cubeba</i> as a natural antibacterial agent for food and pharmaceutical applications.</p>

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Optimization of Litsea cubeba ethanol extract and its antibacterial mechanism against Staphylococcus aureus

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月16日

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  • Mengyue Wei,
  • Zihan Yu,
  • Yunbin Zhang,
  • Qianyu Wang,
  • Yuan Wang,
  • Xiaofei Zhou

摘要

This study optimized ultrasonic-assisted ethanol extraction of dried Litsea cubeba fruits using response surface methodology, identified chemical components by GC‑MS, and explored the antibacterial mechanism against Staphylococcus aureus. The optimal conditions were 60 °C, 60 min, and solid‑liquid ratio 1:25 g/mL, with an antibacterial rate of 83.42%. GC‑MS detected 20 compounds, dominated by lauric acid, oleic acid, and palmitic acid. The extract showed concentration‑dependent bactericidal activity with MIC 0.16 mg/mL and MBC 0.31 mg/mL. It disrupted bacterial cell wall and membrane integrity, causing leakage of AKP, nucleic acids, and proteins. This work supports L. cubeba as a natural antibacterial agent for food and pharmaceutical applications.