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<p>The Middle Jurassic Khatatba Formation represents one of the principal petroleum system elements in the Western Desert of Egypt and contains important organic-rich shale intervals within the Upper Safa Member. This study integrates mineralogical, geochemical, and calibrated log-derived TOC analyses to evaluate the source rock potential of the Upper Safa Member in the Obaiyed Field. A total of 100 ditch-cutting samples from four wells were examined using XRD, XRF, TOC, TS, and Rock-Eval pyrolysis analyses, combined with continuous log-derived TOC prediction. Mineralogical results indicate a kaolinite-rich siliciclastic assemblage with quartz and minor calcite, while geochemical data suggest mixed siliciclastic and marine influence. TOC values range from 0.50 to 3.90 wt% (average ~ 1.8 wt%), indicating moderate to very good organic richness. Rock-Eval data reveal mixed Type II/III kerogen with HI values of 99–186&#xa0;mg HC/g TOC and Tmax values between 441&#xa0;°C and 457&#xa0;°C, confirming thermal maturity within the hydrocarbon generation window. Log-derived TOC calibrated against laboratory measurements shows strong agreement (R² = 0.93), demonstrating the reliability of the integrated workflow for continuous source rock characterization. TOC–TS relationships suggest deposition under oxygen-restricted conditions interpreted conservatively as dysoxic to suboxic, favorable for organic matter preservation. The Upper Safa Member is interpreted as a mature, gas-prone source rock with fair to good hydrocarbon generation potential and strong source–reservoir coupling with adjacent Safa sandstone reservoirs. The integrated workflow presented in this study provides a reliable framework for continuous source rock evaluation and improved exploration targeting in the northwestern Western Desert of Egypt.</p>

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Integrated mineralogical, geochemical, and log derived TOC evaluation of source rock potential in the Khatatba Formation (Western Desert, Egypt)

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月18日

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  • Shahenda M. Khalaf,
  • Mohamed M. Abdel Fattah,
  • Mohamed I. Abdel-Fattah,
  • Hamdan A. Hamdan,
  • Zakaria M. Abd-Allah

摘要

The Middle Jurassic Khatatba Formation represents one of the principal petroleum system elements in the Western Desert of Egypt and contains important organic-rich shale intervals within the Upper Safa Member. This study integrates mineralogical, geochemical, and calibrated log-derived TOC analyses to evaluate the source rock potential of the Upper Safa Member in the Obaiyed Field. A total of 100 ditch-cutting samples from four wells were examined using XRD, XRF, TOC, TS, and Rock-Eval pyrolysis analyses, combined with continuous log-derived TOC prediction. Mineralogical results indicate a kaolinite-rich siliciclastic assemblage with quartz and minor calcite, while geochemical data suggest mixed siliciclastic and marine influence. TOC values range from 0.50 to 3.90 wt% (average ~ 1.8 wt%), indicating moderate to very good organic richness. Rock-Eval data reveal mixed Type II/III kerogen with HI values of 99–186 mg HC/g TOC and Tmax values between 441 °C and 457 °C, confirming thermal maturity within the hydrocarbon generation window. Log-derived TOC calibrated against laboratory measurements shows strong agreement (R² = 0.93), demonstrating the reliability of the integrated workflow for continuous source rock characterization. TOC–TS relationships suggest deposition under oxygen-restricted conditions interpreted conservatively as dysoxic to suboxic, favorable for organic matter preservation. The Upper Safa Member is interpreted as a mature, gas-prone source rock with fair to good hydrocarbon generation potential and strong source–reservoir coupling with adjacent Safa sandstone reservoirs. The integrated workflow presented in this study provides a reliable framework for continuous source rock evaluation and improved exploration targeting in the northwestern Western Desert of Egypt.