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<p>Early screening for respiratory sarcopenia lacks sensitive tools. We evaluated whether diaphragm ultrasound parameters can independently predict respiratory and overall muscle strength in healthy adults. In this cross-sectional study, 149 healthy adults underwent handgrip strength (HGS), maximal inspiratory/expiratory pressures (MIP/MEP), and right (“R-”) and left (“L-”) diaphragm ultrasound. Diaphragm ultrasound included thickness at functional residual capacity (Th<sub>FRC</sub>) and total lung capacity (Th<sub>TLC</sub>), diaphragm thickening ratio (DTR), excursion (E<sub>FRC</sub> and E<sub>TLC</sub>), and dynamic indices during maximum voluntary (E<sub>VS</sub>, V<sub>VS</sub>, and ECHO-MRR). Statistical methods included spearman correlation, univariable and multivariable regression, stepwise regression, and paired comparisons. Multivariable analysis revealed that RV<sub>VS</sub> and LTh<sub>TLC</sub> were associated with MIP, MEP, and HGS, right-sided parameters (RDTR, RE<sub>VS</sub>, RECHO-MRR) with MIP and MEP, while RTh<sub>TLC</sub> with MIP and HGS. Stepwise regression pinpointed the most predictive parameters: RV<sub>VS</sub> and LTh<sub>TLC</sub> together for MIP, while RDTR alone for MEP and RTh<sub>TLC</sub> alone for HGS. Bivaria regression and paired comparisons confirmed significant bilateral heterogeneity in both diaphragm parameters and their associations with muscle strength (all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). This study establishes a precise predictive model in which RTh<sub>TLC</sub>, RV<sub>VS</sub>+LTh<sub>TLC</sub>, and RDTR to overall, inspiratory, and expiratory strength, respectively. These findings offer a practical and objective approach for early respiratory sarcopenia screening.</p>

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Identifying key diaphragm ultrasound predictors for early screening of respiratory sarcopenia

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月27日

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  • Liulei Wu,
  • Liangliang Qiu,
  • Siyao Gao,
  • Congni Ye,
  • Jie Chen,
  • Jing Xu,
  • Li Kang,
  • Xiang Xu

摘要

Early screening for respiratory sarcopenia lacks sensitive tools. We evaluated whether diaphragm ultrasound parameters can independently predict respiratory and overall muscle strength in healthy adults. In this cross-sectional study, 149 healthy adults underwent handgrip strength (HGS), maximal inspiratory/expiratory pressures (MIP/MEP), and right (“R-”) and left (“L-”) diaphragm ultrasound. Diaphragm ultrasound included thickness at functional residual capacity (ThFRC) and total lung capacity (ThTLC), diaphragm thickening ratio (DTR), excursion (EFRC and ETLC), and dynamic indices during maximum voluntary (EVS, VVS, and ECHO-MRR). Statistical methods included spearman correlation, univariable and multivariable regression, stepwise regression, and paired comparisons. Multivariable analysis revealed that RVVS and LThTLC were associated with MIP, MEP, and HGS, right-sided parameters (RDTR, REVS, RECHO-MRR) with MIP and MEP, while RThTLC with MIP and HGS. Stepwise regression pinpointed the most predictive parameters: RVVS and LThTLC together for MIP, while RDTR alone for MEP and RThTLC alone for HGS. Bivaria regression and paired comparisons confirmed significant bilateral heterogeneity in both diaphragm parameters and their associations with muscle strength (all p < 0.05). This study establishes a precise predictive model in which RThTLC, RVVS+LThTLC, and RDTR to overall, inspiratory, and expiratory strength, respectively. These findings offer a practical and objective approach for early respiratory sarcopenia screening.