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<p>The aim of this study was to assess the effect of packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusion on blood flow velocity and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-measured regional oxygenation of both the brain and intestine in clinically stable anemic preterm infants with a gestational age of ≤ 32 weeks and a postnatal age of ≥ 3 weeks. This prospective observational study was conducted in the NICU of Alexandria University Maternity Hospital between March 2023 and December 2023. Clinically stable anemic preterm infants (n = 30) with hemoglobin &lt; 9.5 g/dL and an indication for PRBC transfusion were included. Cerebral and mesenteric oxygenation were measured by NIRS before, during, and after transfusion. Superior vena cava flow (SVCF) and anterior cerebral artery (ACA) and celiac artery (CA) velocities were measured before and after transfusion. Comparative analyses were used to compare parameters before and after transfusion, and correlation tests were used to assess relationships between oxygenation and hemodynamic measures. SVCF, velocity–time integral (VTI), and SVC diameter decreased significantly after transfusion (p &lt; 0.001). ACA peak systolic velocity (PSV), ACA end-diastolic velocity (EDV), and celiac artery PSV also decreased significantly after transfusion (p &lt; 0.001). Splanchnic and cerebral oxygenation metrics increased significantly, whereas oxygen consumption and fractional tissue oxygen extraction decreased significantly after transfusion (p &lt; 0.001). Delta changes in SVCF were correlated with splanchnic oxygenation metrics (p = 0.002–0.003), and heart rate was significantly correlated with both cerebral and splanchnic oxygenation metrics (p = 0.003–0.006). Cerebral and splanchnic oxygenation metrics, SpO2, SVC diameter, SVC VTI, SVCF, ACA PSV, ACA EDV, and celiac artery PSV changed significantly after blood transfusion in anemic preterm infants.</p>

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Integrated cerebro-splanchnic blood flow and regional oxygenation monitoring in transfused anemic preterm infants

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月23日

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  • Marwa Mohamed Farag,
  • Hesham Abd El Rahim Ghazal,
  • Ahmed Mohamed Said Abougabal,
  • Asmaa Medhat Elsaudi

摘要

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusion on blood flow velocity and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-measured regional oxygenation of both the brain and intestine in clinically stable anemic preterm infants with a gestational age of ≤ 32 weeks and a postnatal age of ≥ 3 weeks. This prospective observational study was conducted in the NICU of Alexandria University Maternity Hospital between March 2023 and December 2023. Clinically stable anemic preterm infants (n = 30) with hemoglobin < 9.5 g/dL and an indication for PRBC transfusion were included. Cerebral and mesenteric oxygenation were measured by NIRS before, during, and after transfusion. Superior vena cava flow (SVCF) and anterior cerebral artery (ACA) and celiac artery (CA) velocities were measured before and after transfusion. Comparative analyses were used to compare parameters before and after transfusion, and correlation tests were used to assess relationships between oxygenation and hemodynamic measures. SVCF, velocity–time integral (VTI), and SVC diameter decreased significantly after transfusion (p < 0.001). ACA peak systolic velocity (PSV), ACA end-diastolic velocity (EDV), and celiac artery PSV also decreased significantly after transfusion (p < 0.001). Splanchnic and cerebral oxygenation metrics increased significantly, whereas oxygen consumption and fractional tissue oxygen extraction decreased significantly after transfusion (p < 0.001). Delta changes in SVCF were correlated with splanchnic oxygenation metrics (p = 0.002–0.003), and heart rate was significantly correlated with both cerebral and splanchnic oxygenation metrics (p = 0.003–0.006). Cerebral and splanchnic oxygenation metrics, SpO2, SVC diameter, SVC VTI, SVCF, ACA PSV, ACA EDV, and celiac artery PSV changed significantly after blood transfusion in anemic preterm infants.