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<p>Wheat straw-reinforced polylactic acid composite boards were produced using hot pressing to examine how wheat straw content affects mechanical performance, moisture absorption, and formability. Wheat straw was chosen as a reinforcement because it is a plentiful agricultural residue with low cost, low density, and high lignocellulosic content, providing both environmental and structural benefits when combined with PLA. An L9 (3<sup>3</sup>) orthogonal design using 40 wt% wheat straw was first applied to screen processing parameters, and the selected condition was 180&#xa0;°C, 14&#xa0;MPa and 20&#xa0;min. Using this fixed condition and a constant batch mass, boards with wheat straw contents ranging from 10 to 90 wt% were prepared. Tensile and bending strength increased with straw content up to 50 wt% and then decreased, reaching 11.26&#xa0;MPa and 17.52&#xa0;MPa at 50 wt%. Impact strength decreased with increasing straw content and was approximately 5.12 kJ/m<sup>2</sup> at 60 wt%. Density decreased from about 1.23&#xa0;g/cm<sup>− 3</sup> for neat polylactic acid to below 0.95&#xa0;g/cm<sup>− 3</sup> at 80 to 90 wt%. Water absorption increased with immersion time and approached saturation at approximately 100&#xa0;h, with the uptake rising markedly at 70 to 90 wt%. X-ray diffraction indicated a reduction in crystallinity without a change in crystal form, while scanning electron microscopy revealed increased porosity and interfacial debonding above 60 wt%. A wheat straw content of approximately 40–50 wt% offers the best balance of strength, moisture resistance, and processability for board manufacturing.</p>

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Effect of wheat straw content on mechanical, moisture, and formability performance of hot-pressed PLA biocomposite boards

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月24日

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  • Yuqing Wang,
  • Siti Suhaily Surip

摘要

Wheat straw-reinforced polylactic acid composite boards were produced using hot pressing to examine how wheat straw content affects mechanical performance, moisture absorption, and formability. Wheat straw was chosen as a reinforcement because it is a plentiful agricultural residue with low cost, low density, and high lignocellulosic content, providing both environmental and structural benefits when combined with PLA. An L9 (33) orthogonal design using 40 wt% wheat straw was first applied to screen processing parameters, and the selected condition was 180 °C, 14 MPa and 20 min. Using this fixed condition and a constant batch mass, boards with wheat straw contents ranging from 10 to 90 wt% were prepared. Tensile and bending strength increased with straw content up to 50 wt% and then decreased, reaching 11.26 MPa and 17.52 MPa at 50 wt%. Impact strength decreased with increasing straw content and was approximately 5.12 kJ/m2 at 60 wt%. Density decreased from about 1.23 g/cm− 3 for neat polylactic acid to below 0.95 g/cm− 3 at 80 to 90 wt%. Water absorption increased with immersion time and approached saturation at approximately 100 h, with the uptake rising markedly at 70 to 90 wt%. X-ray diffraction indicated a reduction in crystallinity without a change in crystal form, while scanning electron microscopy revealed increased porosity and interfacial debonding above 60 wt%. A wheat straw content of approximately 40–50 wt% offers the best balance of strength, moisture resistance, and processability for board manufacturing.