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<p>In the Gangetic plains of West Bengal, where rice-wheat is the predominant cropping system, appropriate irrigation and nutrient management can assist to introduce and raise the productivity and quality of winter maize. For maize cultivation to operate at its peak under the unique agro-climatic conditions, these two essential inputs must be standardized. Furthermore, the water and nutrient use efficiencies in winter maize cultivation at varying primary nutrients and irrigation levels are seldom investigated. A two-year field investigation in Gangetic plains of West Bengal was, therefore,&#xa0;conducted comprising three irrigation regimes (I<sub>1</sub>: 30, I<sub>2</sub>: 50 and I<sub>3</sub>: 70% depletion of available soil moisture or DASM) and four nutrients’ levels (F<sub>0</sub>: 0:0:0, F<sub>1</sub>: 100:50:50, F<sub>2</sub>: 150:75:75 and F<sub>3</sub>: 200:100:100&#xa0;kg N: P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>: K<sub>2</sub>O ha<sup>− 1</sup>) to assess productivity, quality, soil nutrient dynamics, water and nutrient use efficiencies. Findings stated that maximum productivity (grain yield, cob yield and stover yield) of winter maize was observed under I<sub>1</sub>F<sub>3</sub> (~ 51, 38 and 28% higher over I<sub>3</sub>F<sub>2</sub>), followed and shown statistical similarity by I<sub>2</sub>F<sub>3</sub> (~ 49, 37 and 26% higher over I<sub>3</sub>F<sub>2</sub>). Further, I<sub>2</sub>F<sub>3</sub> ensured relatively well-balanced quality attributes, nutrient uptakes, soil nutrient dynamics as well as high nutrient use efficiencies and highest water use efficiency (19.27&#xa0;kg ha-mm<sup>− 1</sup>) in winter maize cultivation. The study, therefore,&#xa0;recommends application of irrigation at 50% DASM and 200:100:100&#xa0;kg N: P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>: K<sub>2</sub>O ha<sup>− 1</sup> for winter maize cultivation in the study region of West Bengal, India.</p>

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Irrigation-nutrient synergy improves productivity, soil fertility, and input use efficiency in winter maize under Gangetic plains of India

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月15日

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  • Saikat Biswas,
  • Rupa Das,
  • Dhananjoy Dutta

摘要

In the Gangetic plains of West Bengal, where rice-wheat is the predominant cropping system, appropriate irrigation and nutrient management can assist to introduce and raise the productivity and quality of winter maize. For maize cultivation to operate at its peak under the unique agro-climatic conditions, these two essential inputs must be standardized. Furthermore, the water and nutrient use efficiencies in winter maize cultivation at varying primary nutrients and irrigation levels are seldom investigated. A two-year field investigation in Gangetic plains of West Bengal was, therefore, conducted comprising three irrigation regimes (I1: 30, I2: 50 and I3: 70% depletion of available soil moisture or DASM) and four nutrients’ levels (F0: 0:0:0, F1: 100:50:50, F2: 150:75:75 and F3: 200:100:100 kg N: P2O5: K2O ha− 1) to assess productivity, quality, soil nutrient dynamics, water and nutrient use efficiencies. Findings stated that maximum productivity (grain yield, cob yield and stover yield) of winter maize was observed under I1F3 (~ 51, 38 and 28% higher over I3F2), followed and shown statistical similarity by I2F3 (~ 49, 37 and 26% higher over I3F2). Further, I2F3 ensured relatively well-balanced quality attributes, nutrient uptakes, soil nutrient dynamics as well as high nutrient use efficiencies and highest water use efficiency (19.27 kg ha-mm− 1) in winter maize cultivation. The study, therefore, recommends application of irrigation at 50% DASM and 200:100:100 kg N: P2O5: K2O ha− 1 for winter maize cultivation in the study region of West Bengal, India.