Scholarlink

<p>The high carbon footprint of Portland cement manufacturing motivates researchers toward finding suitable cement replacement. This study investigates the development and optimization of a high-volume oil shale ash (OSA) cement composite using ternary chemical additives composed of sodium sulfate (2–8%), cysteine methyl ester (0.2-1.0%), and silica gel powder (1–5%). The ordinary Portland cement (OPC) was replaced by a 50% OSA. The clinker demand was reduced, achieving compressive strength up to 33.66&#xa0;MPa, meeting structural requirements. An optimization statistical model was used to determine the optimal formulation, which was then evaluated through fresh, mechanical, water transportation, and durability tests. Among the 15 experimental mixtures, 28-day compressive strengths ranged from about 18–26&#xa0;MPa, and 90-day strengths ranged from 21 to 34&#xa0;MPa, showing a steady increase in strength due to improved pozzolanic activity, with the 90-day compressive strength exceeding 33.5&#xa0;MPa. Physicochemical characterization of the paste was performed to gain insight into the hydration mechanism. The performance enhancement observed in the optimization mix is attributed to a synergistic chemical-activation mechanism in which sulfate-induced ettringite formation, sodium-driven dissolution of reactive OSA phases, and chelation-stabilized crystallization, supplemented by silica-gel-based pozzolanic refinement, collectively densify the microstructure and promote sustained strength development.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Optimization of oil shale ash-based cement composite incorporating a ternary chemical modifier

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月22日

查看全文
  • Faris Matalkah,
  • Yazan Akkam,
  • Mohammed A. Zaitoun,
  • Aya Al-Haj Issa

摘要

The high carbon footprint of Portland cement manufacturing motivates researchers toward finding suitable cement replacement. This study investigates the development and optimization of a high-volume oil shale ash (OSA) cement composite using ternary chemical additives composed of sodium sulfate (2–8%), cysteine methyl ester (0.2-1.0%), and silica gel powder (1–5%). The ordinary Portland cement (OPC) was replaced by a 50% OSA. The clinker demand was reduced, achieving compressive strength up to 33.66 MPa, meeting structural requirements. An optimization statistical model was used to determine the optimal formulation, which was then evaluated through fresh, mechanical, water transportation, and durability tests. Among the 15 experimental mixtures, 28-day compressive strengths ranged from about 18–26 MPa, and 90-day strengths ranged from 21 to 34 MPa, showing a steady increase in strength due to improved pozzolanic activity, with the 90-day compressive strength exceeding 33.5 MPa. Physicochemical characterization of the paste was performed to gain insight into the hydration mechanism. The performance enhancement observed in the optimization mix is attributed to a synergistic chemical-activation mechanism in which sulfate-induced ettringite formation, sodium-driven dissolution of reactive OSA phases, and chelation-stabilized crystallization, supplemented by silica-gel-based pozzolanic refinement, collectively densify the microstructure and promote sustained strength development.