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<p>Current research on the Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM)-coated 30–40&#xa0;nm silica particles (SiO₂) is integrated with deionized (DI) water via the ultrasonication method to overcome the variations in thermal conductivity, poor stability, and limited heat transfer with conventional DI water. During the investigation, the PNIPAM-coated SiO₂ concentration was varied at 0.2 vol%, 0.4 vol%, 0.6 vol%, and 0.8 vol% under forced convection. The thermal performance of heat transfer fluid (HTF) and the reduction of specific heat capacity were studied, and the results are compared with the base (DI water). The results showed that the DI water embedded with 0.6 vol% of PNIPAM-coated SiO₂ exhibited superior thermal performance, like enhanced thermal conductivity (0.706&#xa0;W/mK at 80&#xa0;°C), decreased specific heat (4107&#xa0;J/kg · K), increased viscosity of 1.04 mPa·s, improved heat transfer coefficient of 500.4&#xa0;W/m<sup>2</sup>.K, and enhanced stability (98%). Overall, the 0.6 vol% PNIPAM–SiO₂ nanofluid exhibited an optimal balance of high thermal conductivity, heat transfer performance, and stable dispersion, suggesting strong potential for advanced thermal management in heat exchangers and solar thermal systems.</p>

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Enhancement of heat transfer and functional behaviour of Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) coated silica nanoparticle materialism featuring heat transfer fluid

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月19日

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  • Anil Kumar Deepati,
  • Barun Haldar,
  • M. Murali,
  • Abdulrahman S. Sait,
  • Isam Y. Qudsieh,
  • Ahmed M. Bagabir,
  • Murugesan Palaniappan,
  • Rajkumar Sivanraju

摘要

Current research on the Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM)-coated 30–40 nm silica particles (SiO₂) is integrated with deionized (DI) water via the ultrasonication method to overcome the variations in thermal conductivity, poor stability, and limited heat transfer with conventional DI water. During the investigation, the PNIPAM-coated SiO₂ concentration was varied at 0.2 vol%, 0.4 vol%, 0.6 vol%, and 0.8 vol% under forced convection. The thermal performance of heat transfer fluid (HTF) and the reduction of specific heat capacity were studied, and the results are compared with the base (DI water). The results showed that the DI water embedded with 0.6 vol% of PNIPAM-coated SiO₂ exhibited superior thermal performance, like enhanced thermal conductivity (0.706 W/mK at 80 °C), decreased specific heat (4107 J/kg · K), increased viscosity of 1.04 mPa·s, improved heat transfer coefficient of 500.4 W/m2.K, and enhanced stability (98%). Overall, the 0.6 vol% PNIPAM–SiO₂ nanofluid exhibited an optimal balance of high thermal conductivity, heat transfer performance, and stable dispersion, suggesting strong potential for advanced thermal management in heat exchangers and solar thermal systems.