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<p>Mosquito host contact determines arboviral transmission efficiency.&#xa0;<i>Aedes aegypti</i>&#xa0;and&#xa0;<i>Culex quinquefasciatus</i>&#xa0;are important vectors of dengue, Zika, chikungunya, West Nile virus, and other arboviruses, yet their feeding patterns remain poorly characterized in many tropical regions. We used bloodmeal metabarcoding to detect DNA from multiple vertebrate species within individual blood-fed mosquitoes collected from rural Guatemala and south Texas, USA. Mosquitoes were collected using aspiration in Guatemala and BG-Sentinel traps in south Texas. We calculated forage ratios (FR) to assess host utilization relative to availability. In Guatemala,&#xa0;<i>Ae. aegypti</i>&#xa0;exhibited strong anthropophilic behavior (human DNA: 90.2% of bloodmeals and FR = 3.62 (95% CI: 2.70–4.54), indicating significant over-utilization. In south Texas,&#xa0;<i>Ae. aegypti</i>&#xa0;strongly over-utilized dogs (88.2% of bloodmeals; FR = 4.65, 95% CI: 2.43–6.87) while under-utilizing humans (FR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.25–0.81). In Guatemala,&#xa0;<i>Cx. quinquefasciatus</i> displayed high anthropophilic behavior (85.3% of bloodmeals; FR = 2.60, 95% CI: 2.24–2.97). Mixed bloodmeals were common in both species at both sites (19.5–85.3%), with up to four host species detected in single mosquitoes. These results demonstrate that mosquito host selection is variable and context-dependent and underscore the need for location-specific surveillance to inform vector control strategies.</p>

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Bloodmeal metabarcoding reveals host feeding patterns for Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus in Jutiapa, Guatemala and Texas, USA

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月22日

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  • Abdisalam A. Abdi,
  • Sujata Balasubramanian,
  • Jose G. Juarez,
  • Nicole A. Scavo,
  • Nadia A. Fernandez-Santos,
  • Yuexun Tian,
  • Sarah A. Hamer,
  • Pamela Pennington,
  • Norma Padilla,
  • Gabriel L. Hamer

摘要

Mosquito host contact determines arboviral transmission efficiency. Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus are important vectors of dengue, Zika, chikungunya, West Nile virus, and other arboviruses, yet their feeding patterns remain poorly characterized in many tropical regions. We used bloodmeal metabarcoding to detect DNA from multiple vertebrate species within individual blood-fed mosquitoes collected from rural Guatemala and south Texas, USA. Mosquitoes were collected using aspiration in Guatemala and BG-Sentinel traps in south Texas. We calculated forage ratios (FR) to assess host utilization relative to availability. In Guatemala, Ae. aegypti exhibited strong anthropophilic behavior (human DNA: 90.2% of bloodmeals and FR = 3.62 (95% CI: 2.70–4.54), indicating significant over-utilization. In south Texas, Ae. aegypti strongly over-utilized dogs (88.2% of bloodmeals; FR = 4.65, 95% CI: 2.43–6.87) while under-utilizing humans (FR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.25–0.81). In Guatemala, Cx. quinquefasciatus displayed high anthropophilic behavior (85.3% of bloodmeals; FR = 2.60, 95% CI: 2.24–2.97). Mixed bloodmeals were common in both species at both sites (19.5–85.3%), with up to four host species detected in single mosquitoes. These results demonstrate that mosquito host selection is variable and context-dependent and underscore the need for location-specific surveillance to inform vector control strategies.