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<p>Decoupled charge structures fundamentally influence blasting performance in mining operations. Unlike previous studies that focused on single-medium conditions or limited decoupling ranges, this study provides the first systematic three-dimensional comparison of water and air medium decoupled blasting across decoupling coefficients of K = 2–6, integrating stress wave propagation, damage evolution, and fractal analysis within a unified computational framework. Results demonstrate that water-medium decoupled charges exhibit a pronounced “energy transfer amplification effect,” generating circumferential stress peaks that are twice the magnitude of air-filled charges while more than doubling the effective stress duration. With increasing decoupling coefficients, stress attenuation indices decrease following a power-law relationship, with water-medium values (0.87–1.33) consistently higher than air-medium values (0.53–1.06). A significant “near-zone suppression and far-zone promotion effect” occurs when <i>K</i> increases from 1 to 2, reducing the crushed zone by approximately 60% while slightly expanding the fractured zone. Quantitative damage analysis reveals that water-medium charges produce substantially larger effective damage areas than air-medium charges under identical decoupling conditions. Fractal analysis indicates that crack networks formed under water-medium decoupling possess higher fractal dimensions (1.33–1.55) compared to air-medium conditions (1.17–1.46), signifying more complex and uniform fracture structures. These findings elucidate the mechanisms underlying water-medium decoupled blasting’s superior performance and provide theoretical guidance for optimizing charge structures in mining operations.</p>

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Comparative analysis of stress wave propagation and rock damage evolution in water versus air medium decoupled blasting

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月17日

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  • Jianping Peng,
  • Yue Pan,
  • Bingrui Chen,
  • Lei Han,
  • Fei Xue

摘要

Decoupled charge structures fundamentally influence blasting performance in mining operations. Unlike previous studies that focused on single-medium conditions or limited decoupling ranges, this study provides the first systematic three-dimensional comparison of water and air medium decoupled blasting across decoupling coefficients of K = 2–6, integrating stress wave propagation, damage evolution, and fractal analysis within a unified computational framework. Results demonstrate that water-medium decoupled charges exhibit a pronounced “energy transfer amplification effect,” generating circumferential stress peaks that are twice the magnitude of air-filled charges while more than doubling the effective stress duration. With increasing decoupling coefficients, stress attenuation indices decrease following a power-law relationship, with water-medium values (0.87–1.33) consistently higher than air-medium values (0.53–1.06). A significant “near-zone suppression and far-zone promotion effect” occurs when K increases from 1 to 2, reducing the crushed zone by approximately 60% while slightly expanding the fractured zone. Quantitative damage analysis reveals that water-medium charges produce substantially larger effective damage areas than air-medium charges under identical decoupling conditions. Fractal analysis indicates that crack networks formed under water-medium decoupling possess higher fractal dimensions (1.33–1.55) compared to air-medium conditions (1.17–1.46), signifying more complex and uniform fracture structures. These findings elucidate the mechanisms underlying water-medium decoupled blasting’s superior performance and provide theoretical guidance for optimizing charge structures in mining operations.