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<p><i>Anopheles</i> mosquitoes transmit infections to humans. Identifying the right mosquito species is crucial for vector control evaluation. This study uses COI gene DNA barcoding and 16S rRNA metagenomics to show the genetic diversity and gut microbial profile of undiscovered mosquito species. Three genera were found, including eight morphologically different <i>Anopheles</i> mosquitoes, and six mosquito species were molecularly validated, including <i>An. moghulensis.</i> The analysis of genetic diversity indicated that there is a state of balanced natural selection present. The species <i>An. maculatus s.s. and An. stephensi</i> exhibited nearly identical mutations, while <i>An. moghulensis</i> demonstrated evidence of purifying selection within the studied population. The gut microbiomes of <i>An. moghulensis</i> (149,377 reads), <i>An. maculatus</i> (51,016 reads), and <i>An. dravidicus</i> (33,126 reads) mosquitoes were also revealed. <i>Afipia felis</i> and <i>Prevotella copri</i> were the leading bacterial species, followed by other phyla including <i>Proteobacteriota</i>, Spirochaetes, and <i>Firmicuteota.</i> In <i>An. moghulensis</i>, alpha diversity assessments of Chao I incidence were dominating, whereas Shannon index was plentiful in <i>An. maculatus s.s</i>. mosquitoes. The mosquito’s distinct bacterial species and shared microbial community are shown in the Venn diagram. These results suggest that the discovered bacterial taxa might be exploited to create vector control techniques for vector-borne illnesses.</p>

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Genetic diversity and gut microbiome of Anopheles mosquitoes in Tamil Nadu by using COI DNA barcoding and 16S rRNA metagenomics

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月6日

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  • Sathishkumar Vinayagam,
  • Ipsita Pal Bhowmick,
  • Devianjana Rajendran,
  • Dhanush Kumar Arumugam,
  • Kathirvel Sekar,
  • Kaviyarasi Renu,
  • Harpreet Kaur,
  • Kamaraj Sattu

摘要

Anopheles mosquitoes transmit infections to humans. Identifying the right mosquito species is crucial for vector control evaluation. This study uses COI gene DNA barcoding and 16S rRNA metagenomics to show the genetic diversity and gut microbial profile of undiscovered mosquito species. Three genera were found, including eight morphologically different Anopheles mosquitoes, and six mosquito species were molecularly validated, including An. moghulensis. The analysis of genetic diversity indicated that there is a state of balanced natural selection present. The species An. maculatus s.s. and An. stephensi exhibited nearly identical mutations, while An. moghulensis demonstrated evidence of purifying selection within the studied population. The gut microbiomes of An. moghulensis (149,377 reads), An. maculatus (51,016 reads), and An. dravidicus (33,126 reads) mosquitoes were also revealed. Afipia felis and Prevotella copri were the leading bacterial species, followed by other phyla including Proteobacteriota, Spirochaetes, and Firmicuteota. In An. moghulensis, alpha diversity assessments of Chao I incidence were dominating, whereas Shannon index was plentiful in An. maculatus s.s. mosquitoes. The mosquito’s distinct bacterial species and shared microbial community are shown in the Venn diagram. These results suggest that the discovered bacterial taxa might be exploited to create vector control techniques for vector-borne illnesses.