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<p>High-temperature heat transfer mechanisms seen in many systems are significantly influenced by thermal radiation. When there are significant temperature fluctuations within the thermal boundary layer, radiative heat transport is often inadequately captured by conventional linear radiation models. To overcome this constraint and provide a more accurate depiction of radiative heat transport, the quadratic thermal radiation model is used. Given these appealing features, the present study investigates the aqueous-based hybrid nanofluid over an extending surface with variable thickness influenced by quadratic thermal radiation. The hybrid nanofluid comprises carbide nanoparticles (SiC, TiC) suspended in water. The novelty of the proposed model lies in considering both homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions under convective boundary conditions at the surface. Analytical solutions are derived for the anticipated model using the optimal homotopy asymptotic method (OHAM). The trends of velocity and temperature distributions are analyzed via graphs against distinct parameters. The outcomes show that fluid velocity declines by approximately 52% as the volume fraction of carbide nanoparticles increases from 0.01 to 0.07. Also, the temperature increases by approximately 57% as quadratic thermal radiation increases from 0.1 to 3.1. Tabular results indicate that the carbide nanoparticle volume fraction ranges from 0.01 to 0.05, enhancing the heat transfer rate by approximately 37.5%. These results demonstrate that nonlinear radiation modeling and carbide-based hybrid nanofluids can greatly enhance heat transport. As a result, this study’s findings could offer valuable theoretical guidance for the development and improvement of advanced thermal systems across fields such as fluid mechanics, thermal management, and chemical processing technologies. The model’s trustworthiness is confirmed by comparing it with existing published work.</p>

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OHAM analysis of quadratic radiative heat flux and chemical reactions in hybrid nanofluid flow over variable thickness stretching surface

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月15日

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  • Muhammad Ramzan,
  • Seemab Bashir,
  • Nazia Shahmir,
  • Norah S. Barakat,
  • Yazeed Alkhrijah,
  • Wei Sin Koh

摘要

High-temperature heat transfer mechanisms seen in many systems are significantly influenced by thermal radiation. When there are significant temperature fluctuations within the thermal boundary layer, radiative heat transport is often inadequately captured by conventional linear radiation models. To overcome this constraint and provide a more accurate depiction of radiative heat transport, the quadratic thermal radiation model is used. Given these appealing features, the present study investigates the aqueous-based hybrid nanofluid over an extending surface with variable thickness influenced by quadratic thermal radiation. The hybrid nanofluid comprises carbide nanoparticles (SiC, TiC) suspended in water. The novelty of the proposed model lies in considering both homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions under convective boundary conditions at the surface. Analytical solutions are derived for the anticipated model using the optimal homotopy asymptotic method (OHAM). The trends of velocity and temperature distributions are analyzed via graphs against distinct parameters. The outcomes show that fluid velocity declines by approximately 52% as the volume fraction of carbide nanoparticles increases from 0.01 to 0.07. Also, the temperature increases by approximately 57% as quadratic thermal radiation increases from 0.1 to 3.1. Tabular results indicate that the carbide nanoparticle volume fraction ranges from 0.01 to 0.05, enhancing the heat transfer rate by approximately 37.5%. These results demonstrate that nonlinear radiation modeling and carbide-based hybrid nanofluids can greatly enhance heat transport. As a result, this study’s findings could offer valuable theoretical guidance for the development and improvement of advanced thermal systems across fields such as fluid mechanics, thermal management, and chemical processing technologies. The model’s trustworthiness is confirmed by comparing it with existing published work.