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<p>Early detection of pest-infested date palms is vital to prevent pest spread and support agricultural sustainability. By analyzing microwave scattering behavior, specifically radar cross-section (RCS), this work assesses the potential of microwave sensing in identifying healthy versus infested date palms. The trunk is represented as a dielectric cylinder illuminated by a uniform plane wave with both TM<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(^z\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and TE<InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(^z\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> polarizations (with respect to the <i>z</i>-axis). An assessment of dielectric properties in healthy versus infested trees is conducted, along with an analysis of angle-dependent (<InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\phi\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) scattering behavior. Results reveal significant differences in the RCS between healthy and infested trees, particularly in the angular ranges of <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(0^{\circ }\le \phi \le 45^{\circ }\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for TM<InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(^{z}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> polarization, and <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(0^{\circ }\le \phi \le 100^{\circ }\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for TE<InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(^{z}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> polarization. The study demonstrates that microwave sensing offers a promising non-invasive tool for early pest detection and effective tree health management, providing a basis for large-scale agricultural monitoring.</p>

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Microwave scattering signatures for distinguishing healthy and infested date palm trees

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月31日

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  • Afshin Moradi,
  • Mohammed M. Bait-Suwailam

摘要

Early detection of pest-infested date palms is vital to prevent pest spread and support agricultural sustainability. By analyzing microwave scattering behavior, specifically radar cross-section (RCS), this work assesses the potential of microwave sensing in identifying healthy versus infested date palms. The trunk is represented as a dielectric cylinder illuminated by a uniform plane wave with both TM \(^z\) and TE \(^z\) polarizations (with respect to the z-axis). An assessment of dielectric properties in healthy versus infested trees is conducted, along with an analysis of angle-dependent ( \(\phi\) ) scattering behavior. Results reveal significant differences in the RCS between healthy and infested trees, particularly in the angular ranges of \(0^{\circ }\le \phi \le 45^{\circ }\) for TM \(^{z}\) polarization, and \(0^{\circ }\le \phi \le 100^{\circ }\) for TE \(^{z}\) polarization. The study demonstrates that microwave sensing offers a promising non-invasive tool for early pest detection and effective tree health management, providing a basis for large-scale agricultural monitoring.