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<p>Chlorpyrifos, widely used in Ethiopia despite restricted official status, contaminates soil and water, posing environmental and health risks. Microbial bioremediation offers a natural, eco-friendly solution for its removal from contaminated sites. This study aimed to identify bacteria from Meki and Wonji-shoa agricultural soil, capable of degrading CP and optimize their growth conditions, such as pH, temperature, and CP concentration using enrichment technique. With a UV-VIS Spectrophotometer (600&#xa0;nm), for the strains growth response and (290&#xa0;nm) for degradation of chlorpyrifos were observed every two days. Based on their tolerance to high CP concentration and degradation capacity, two isolates out of eight potential strains were selected, identified using biochemical characterization and 16&#xa0;S r RNA sequencing to be <i>Escherichia fergusonii</i> LB50 and <i>Clostridium bifermentans</i> PS1. The bacterial strains isolated in the current study were not previously reported in CP degradation. Their efficacy of CP degradation further confirmed by GC-MS. These isolates were able to degrade 59.34% (<i>Escherichia fergusonii</i>) and 70.82% (<i>Clostridium bifermentans</i>) of the initial concentration of chlorpyrifos (50 mg L<sup>− 1</sup>) within a period of 20 days. In both strains, glucose, as an additional carbon source, significantly increased the degradation process and dissipate &gt; 99% of the initial CP concentration (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). The optimum growth conditions for the isolates were determined as pH 5.0, 30&#xa0;°C for <i>Clostridium bifermentans</i>, and 35&#xa0;°C for <i>Escherichia fergusonii</i>, with a chlorpyrifos concentration of 50&#xa0;mg L⁻¹. Under these conditions, both strains exhibited significant growth and chlorpyrifos degradation activity (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Although this study offers promising microbial candidates for bioremediation, further investigation is required to determine the effectiveness of these organisms and their ecological resilience within contaminated environments prior to their practical application in remediation strategies.</p>

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Biodegradation of chlorpyrifos by the newly isolated Escherichia fergusonii and Clostridium bifermentans: Identification and growth optimization for bioremediation

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月9日

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  • Tesfahun Lamboro Lagiso,
  • Adugna Abdi Woldesemayat,
  • Zerihun Belay Gemta

摘要

Chlorpyrifos, widely used in Ethiopia despite restricted official status, contaminates soil and water, posing environmental and health risks. Microbial bioremediation offers a natural, eco-friendly solution for its removal from contaminated sites. This study aimed to identify bacteria from Meki and Wonji-shoa agricultural soil, capable of degrading CP and optimize their growth conditions, such as pH, temperature, and CP concentration using enrichment technique. With a UV-VIS Spectrophotometer (600 nm), for the strains growth response and (290 nm) for degradation of chlorpyrifos were observed every two days. Based on their tolerance to high CP concentration and degradation capacity, two isolates out of eight potential strains were selected, identified using biochemical characterization and 16 S r RNA sequencing to be Escherichia fergusonii LB50 and Clostridium bifermentans PS1. The bacterial strains isolated in the current study were not previously reported in CP degradation. Their efficacy of CP degradation further confirmed by GC-MS. These isolates were able to degrade 59.34% (Escherichia fergusonii) and 70.82% (Clostridium bifermentans) of the initial concentration of chlorpyrifos (50 mg L− 1) within a period of 20 days. In both strains, glucose, as an additional carbon source, significantly increased the degradation process and dissipate > 99% of the initial CP concentration (P < 0.05). The optimum growth conditions for the isolates were determined as pH 5.0, 30 °C for Clostridium bifermentans, and 35 °C for Escherichia fergusonii, with a chlorpyrifos concentration of 50 mg L⁻¹. Under these conditions, both strains exhibited significant growth and chlorpyrifos degradation activity (p < 0.05). Although this study offers promising microbial candidates for bioremediation, further investigation is required to determine the effectiveness of these organisms and their ecological resilience within contaminated environments prior to their practical application in remediation strategies.