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<p>Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a severe complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The long-term impact on vascular and cardiac health in post-MIS-C patients remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate subclinical cardiovascular changes in children two years after MIS-C. This cross-sectional study included 42 children diagnosed with MIS-C (29 boys, 13 girls, median age 10.7 years) and 38 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Participants underwent comprehensive cardiovascular assessment, including biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction (galectin-3, sVCAM-1, sICAM-1), arterial damage (pulse wave velocity, carotid intima-media thickness [cIMT]), echocardiography, and blood pressure measurements. Compared to controls, children post-MIS-C had higher fasting glucose levels (RE = 0.79; 95% CI 0.68–0.89; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), higher markers of endothelial dysfunction (sVCAM-1, RE = 0.64; 95% CI 0.52–0.77; <i>p</i> = 0.03; galectin-3, RE = 0.74; 95% CI 0.63–0.85; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and increased peripheral and central blood pressure (RE from 0.64 to 0.77; all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Thickened cIMT (&gt; 95th percentile) was observed in 29.3% of post-MIS-C children versus 3.1% of controls (odds ratio 12.83, 95% CI 1.57-104.95, <i>p</i> = 0.004). Some MIS-C severity markers (troponin, NT-proBNP, inflammatory markers) correlated with long-term cardiovascular changes. Two years after MIS-C, children are exposed to long-term biochemical changes and alterations in the circulatory system. Our findings highlight the importance of long-term follow-up and cardiovascular monitoring in post-MIS-C children.</p>

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Vascular and blood pressure alterations in children two years after multisystem inflammatory syndrome

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月5日

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  • Weronika Woźniak-Szewczyk,
  • Piotr Skrzypczyk,
  • Michał Szyszka,
  • Cezary Niszczota,
  • Beata Kucińska,
  • Anna Stelmaszczyk-Emmel,
  • Mariusz Panczyk,
  • Anna Zacharzewska,
  • Kamil Tkacz,
  • Ernest Kuchar,
  • Magdalena Okarska-Napierała

摘要

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a severe complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The long-term impact on vascular and cardiac health in post-MIS-C patients remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate subclinical cardiovascular changes in children two years after MIS-C. This cross-sectional study included 42 children diagnosed with MIS-C (29 boys, 13 girls, median age 10.7 years) and 38 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Participants underwent comprehensive cardiovascular assessment, including biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction (galectin-3, sVCAM-1, sICAM-1), arterial damage (pulse wave velocity, carotid intima-media thickness [cIMT]), echocardiography, and blood pressure measurements. Compared to controls, children post-MIS-C had higher fasting glucose levels (RE = 0.79; 95% CI 0.68–0.89; p < 0.05), higher markers of endothelial dysfunction (sVCAM-1, RE = 0.64; 95% CI 0.52–0.77; p = 0.03; galectin-3, RE = 0.74; 95% CI 0.63–0.85; p < 0.001), and increased peripheral and central blood pressure (RE from 0.64 to 0.77; all p < 0.05). Thickened cIMT (> 95th percentile) was observed in 29.3% of post-MIS-C children versus 3.1% of controls (odds ratio 12.83, 95% CI 1.57-104.95, p = 0.004). Some MIS-C severity markers (troponin, NT-proBNP, inflammatory markers) correlated with long-term cardiovascular changes. Two years after MIS-C, children are exposed to long-term biochemical changes and alterations in the circulatory system. Our findings highlight the importance of long-term follow-up and cardiovascular monitoring in post-MIS-C children.