<p>To study the differences in insulation effects of foam box with ice packaging in the aircraft cargo hold environment and the normal pressure environment, and to understand the changes in refrigeration performance of foam box with ice packaging during flight, based on the low-pressure environment of the aircraft cargo hold, an energy consumption model of foam box with ice packaging was established, the energy consumption balance process was analyzed, and the temperature field distribution inside the foam box was simulated by using the finite element simulation method. The temperature variation law inside the foam box was calculated. It is found that compared with the atmospheric pressure environment on the ground, the refrigeration effect of the foam box in the aircraft cargo compartment changes to a certain extent, and becomes worse with the increase of the convective heat transfer coefficient. Research suggests that, compared with ground transportation methods, the amount of ice added to foam boxes during air transportation can be moderately adjusted to counteract the impact of the cabin environment.</p>