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<p>This paper presents a complete method for modeling nonlinear magnetic rings that captures frequency dependence, losses (hysteresis effect), and nonlinear effects including saturation. The approach relies on frequency-domain impedance measurements (here, 10&#xa0;Hz – 10&#xa0;MHz) under DC bias currents up to saturation (here, 800&#xa0;A), and extends classical equivalent-circuit fitting to a two-dimensional impedance function of frequency and current. A key contribution is the formulation of a fully implementable modeling framework together with its realization as SPICE netlist code, enabling direct time-domain simulation under arbitrary excitation signals. The validity of the model is demonstrated through analytical verification, impedance measurements with DC bias, and high-current experiments. Furthermore, the paper investigates and discusses the applicability of the model, showing consistency with results obtained from a dedicated high-current test setup. The outcome is a novel, practical, and fully validated nonlinear modeling methodology, with its implementation released as SPICE code.</p>

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Nonlinear magnetic ring model based on impedance measurements with DC-bias current

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月3日

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  • Kamil Kutorasiński,
  • Jarosław Pawłowski,
  • Michał Molas,
  • Marcin Szewczyk

摘要

This paper presents a complete method for modeling nonlinear magnetic rings that captures frequency dependence, losses (hysteresis effect), and nonlinear effects including saturation. The approach relies on frequency-domain impedance measurements (here, 10 Hz – 10 MHz) under DC bias currents up to saturation (here, 800 A), and extends classical equivalent-circuit fitting to a two-dimensional impedance function of frequency and current. A key contribution is the formulation of a fully implementable modeling framework together with its realization as SPICE netlist code, enabling direct time-domain simulation under arbitrary excitation signals. The validity of the model is demonstrated through analytical verification, impedance measurements with DC bias, and high-current experiments. Furthermore, the paper investigates and discusses the applicability of the model, showing consistency with results obtained from a dedicated high-current test setup. The outcome is a novel, practical, and fully validated nonlinear modeling methodology, with its implementation released as SPICE code.