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<p>Inactive glucoraphanin (GR) in broccoli is converted to the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-bacterial sulforaphane (SF) by cruciferous vegetable enzyme myrosinase (Myr), or similar enzymes from specific gut bacteria; both sources have variable efficiency. The effects of exogenous Myr on the conversion efficiency of GR to SF was compared to gut microbial Myr-like activity. In a randomized, double-blind, crossover study, sixteen subjects (9&#xa0;F: 7&#xa0;M) received a single oral dose of GR in broccoli seed extract with Myr-containing mustard seed powder, or broccoli seed extract alone, both with ascorbic acid. GR + Myr, on average, <i>doubled the</i> bioavailability of SF (39.8 ± 3.1%) compared to GR alone (18.6 ± 3.1%), and increased the conversion rate in the first 8&#xa0;h (25.4% ± 2.7%) compared to GR alone (8.0% ± 2.7) based on measurement of urinary metabolites. There were no differences in fecal bacterial communities after the single dose; however, four bacterial GR-converting genes significantly correlated with GR conversion (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0155). To our knowledge, this is the first human study to simultaneously investigate (1) a well-defined Myr source, (2) broccoli seeds as source of GR, (3) prediction of gut microbial responsiveness to GR.</p>

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Exogenous myrosinase from mustard seed increases bioavailability of sulforaphane from a glucoraphanin-rich broccoli seed extract in a randomized clinical study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月15日

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  • Angela Mastaloudis,
  • Lola Holcomb,
  • Jed W. Fahey,
  • Camila Akemi Sakaguchi,
  • David C. Nieman,
  • Colin Kay,
  • Robert O’Donnell,
  • Alessandra Pecorelli,
  • Marissa Kinney,
  • Yanyan Li,
  • Suzanne L. Ishaq,
  • Giuseppe Valacchi

摘要

Inactive glucoraphanin (GR) in broccoli is converted to the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-bacterial sulforaphane (SF) by cruciferous vegetable enzyme myrosinase (Myr), or similar enzymes from specific gut bacteria; both sources have variable efficiency. The effects of exogenous Myr on the conversion efficiency of GR to SF was compared to gut microbial Myr-like activity. In a randomized, double-blind, crossover study, sixteen subjects (9 F: 7 M) received a single oral dose of GR in broccoli seed extract with Myr-containing mustard seed powder, or broccoli seed extract alone, both with ascorbic acid. GR + Myr, on average, doubled the bioavailability of SF (39.8 ± 3.1%) compared to GR alone (18.6 ± 3.1%), and increased the conversion rate in the first 8 h (25.4% ± 2.7%) compared to GR alone (8.0% ± 2.7) based on measurement of urinary metabolites. There were no differences in fecal bacterial communities after the single dose; however, four bacterial GR-converting genes significantly correlated with GR conversion (p < 0.0155). To our knowledge, this is the first human study to simultaneously investigate (1) a well-defined Myr source, (2) broccoli seeds as source of GR, (3) prediction of gut microbial responsiveness to GR.