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<p>This study identified long-term labour market patterns after taking the first parental leave benefit among women and men in Sweden and the socio-demographic, economic, and health-related characteristics among the identified patterns. We conducted a prospective cohort study, based on nationwide register microdata, including all women (<i>N</i> = 43,959) and men (<i>N</i> = 43,514) who had their first parental leave benefit uptake in 2010. Sequence analysis was used to explore their labour market patterns over 9 years after parental leave. We identified six labour market clusters for women: ‘<i>Quick return to employment/studies’</i> (32%), ‘<i>Ongoing employment/studies</i>’ (24%), ‘<i>Slow return to employment/studies’</i> (21%), ‘<i>Weak labour market attachment’</i> (11%), ‘<i>Increasing sickness absence/disability pension’</i> (9%) and ‘<i>Death/emigration/retirement’</i> (2%). Among men, there were five clusters: ‘<i>Ongoing employment/studies</i>’ (74%), ‘<i>Weak labour market attachment</i>’ (13%), ‘<i>Parental leave</i>’ (7%), ‘<i>Increasing sickness absence/disability pension</i>’ (4%), and ‘<i>Death/emigration/retirement</i>’ (2%). Although most were economically active at the end of follow-up, among both women and men, marginalized labour market patterns were characterized by socioeconomic disadvantage and prior morbidity.</p>

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Labour market patterns among women and men following the uptake of their first parental leave benefit in Sweden

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月17日

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  • Marianna Virtanen,
  • Katalin Gémes,
  • Kristin Farrants,
  • Jakob Bergström,
  • Niklas Gustafsson,
  • Laura Peutere,
  • Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz,
  • Kristina Alexanderson

摘要

This study identified long-term labour market patterns after taking the first parental leave benefit among women and men in Sweden and the socio-demographic, economic, and health-related characteristics among the identified patterns. We conducted a prospective cohort study, based on nationwide register microdata, including all women (N = 43,959) and men (N = 43,514) who had their first parental leave benefit uptake in 2010. Sequence analysis was used to explore their labour market patterns over 9 years after parental leave. We identified six labour market clusters for women: ‘Quick return to employment/studies’ (32%), ‘Ongoing employment/studies’ (24%), ‘Slow return to employment/studies’ (21%), ‘Weak labour market attachment’ (11%), ‘Increasing sickness absence/disability pension’ (9%) and ‘Death/emigration/retirement’ (2%). Among men, there were five clusters: ‘Ongoing employment/studies’ (74%), ‘Weak labour market attachment’ (13%), ‘Parental leave’ (7%), ‘Increasing sickness absence/disability pension’ (4%), and ‘Death/emigration/retirement’ (2%). Although most were economically active at the end of follow-up, among both women and men, marginalized labour market patterns were characterized by socioeconomic disadvantage and prior morbidity.