The immune function is suspected to play an important role in the health effects of air pollution but it remains poorly investigated in pregnant women. One-week personal measurements of exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤ 2.5 µm mass concentration (PM2.5) and PM2.5 oxidative potential (OP) were assessed in 270 pregnant women from the French cohort SEPAGES. PM filters were analyzed for PM2.5 OP using the dithiothreitol (DTT) and the ascorbic acid (AA) assays. From a blood sample withdrawn at the end of the exposure measurement week, levels of 29 cytokines and chemokines were measured at baseline and after T cell and dendritic cell activation with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and resiquimod (R848), respectively. Associations between each air pollutant and each cytokine were assessed using adjusted linear regression models. An increase in NO2 exposure was associated with higher interleukin 10 (IL-10) and lower PHA-activated tumor necrosis factor (TNF). No association with PM2.5 concentration was observed, but increased exposure to PM <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="41598_2025_98712_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="18" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="43" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">${\text{OP}}^{{{\text{AA}}}}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mrow> <mtext>OP</mtext> </mrow> <mtext>AA</mtext> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> was associated with lower baseline and R848-activated IL-8 and increased exposure to PM <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="41598_2025_98712_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="18" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="51" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">${\text{OP}}^{\text{DTT}}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mrow> <mtext>OP</mtext> </mrow> <mtext>DTT</mtext> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> was associated with higher PHA-activated IL-17A. Our study provides insights into the relationships between air pollution exposure and immune function among pregnant women.

Personal exposure to air pollutants and immune system biomarkers in pregnant women

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2025年5月21日

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Anouk Marsal,
Laurene Frau,
Laurence Chaperot,
Ines Amine,
Sarah Lyon-Caen,
Anne Boudier,
Jean-Luc Jaffrezo,
Rhabira Elazzouzi,
Claire Philippat,
Karine Supernant,
Johanna Lepeule,
Joane Quentin,
Ryan Chartier,
Sam Bayat,
Remy Slama,
Gaelle Uzu,
Valérie Siroux

摘要

The immune function is suspected to play an important role in the health effects of air pollution but it remains poorly investigated in pregnant women. One-week personal measurements of exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤ 2.5 µm mass concentration (PM_2.5) and PM_2.5 oxidative potential (OP) were assessed in 270 pregnant women from the French cohort SEPAGES. PM filters were analyzed for PM_2.5 OP using the dithiothreitol (DTT) and the ascorbic acid (AA) assays. From a blood sample withdrawn at the end of the exposure measurement week, levels of 29 cytokines and chemokines were measured at baseline and after T cell and dendritic cell activation with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and resiquimod (R848), respectively. Associations between each air pollutant and each cytokine were assessed using adjusted linear regression models. An increase in NO₂ exposure was associated with higher interleukin 10 (IL-10) and lower PHA-activated tumor necrosis factor (TNF). No association with PM_2.5 concentration was observed, but increased exposure to PM ${\text{OP}}^{{{\text{AA}}}}$ ${OP}^{AA}$ was associated with lower baseline and R848-activated IL-8 and increased exposure to PM ${\text{OP}}^{\text{DTT}}$ ${OP}^{DTT}$ was associated with higher PHA-activated IL-17A. Our study provides insights into the relationships between air pollution exposure and immune function among pregnant women.