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<p>This study pioneers using hematite nanoflakes as a viable alternative to traditional platinum counter-electrodes in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), demonstrating its effectiveness for the first time. Besides such a novelty, the used hematite nanoflakes were bio-engineered using ginger extract as an effective chelating reducing agent. From the X-ray diffraction studies, it was observed that the sample annealed at 700&#xa0;°C formed a highly crystalline α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, with a crystallite nano-scaled size of the order of 46.3&#xa0;nm. The scanning electron microscopy investigations indicated a preferred layered nanoflakes morphology while the optical properties revealed a direct band gap of 2.30&#xa0;eV. Using N-719 dye as a sensitizer on TiO<sub>2</sub> photoanode and I<sup>−</sup>/I<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> as electrolyte, the DSSC was fabricated. Such a cell exhibited significant DSSC responses, namely; a short circuit current density (<i>J</i><sub><i>SC</i></sub>) of 7.0&#xa0;mAcm<sup>−2</sup>, an open circuit voltage (<i>V</i><sub><i>OC</i></sub>) of 389&#xa0;mV, and a fill factor (FF) of 75.3% in addition to an efficiency (<i>η</i>) of 2.05%. Based on such a significant photo-conversion response using bio-engineered active counter electrodes, this study provides a cost-effective approach for synthesizing hematite NFs that have potential applications not only in DSSC but also in sensors, water splitting, and electrochemical devices.</p>

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Green synthesis of hematite nano flakes and their application as a counter electrode in dye-sensitized solar cells

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月5日

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  • Emma Panzi Mukhokosi,
  • Emmanuel Mushebo,
  • Stella Nassejje,
  • Nandipha L. Botha,
  • Dhayalan Velauthapillai,
  • Malik Maaza

摘要

This study pioneers using hematite nanoflakes as a viable alternative to traditional platinum counter-electrodes in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), demonstrating its effectiveness for the first time. Besides such a novelty, the used hematite nanoflakes were bio-engineered using ginger extract as an effective chelating reducing agent. From the X-ray diffraction studies, it was observed that the sample annealed at 700 °C formed a highly crystalline α-Fe2O3, with a crystallite nano-scaled size of the order of 46.3 nm. The scanning electron microscopy investigations indicated a preferred layered nanoflakes morphology while the optical properties revealed a direct band gap of 2.30 eV. Using N-719 dye as a sensitizer on TiO2 photoanode and I−/I3− as electrolyte, the DSSC was fabricated. Such a cell exhibited significant DSSC responses, namely; a short circuit current density (JSC) of 7.0 mAcm−2, an open circuit voltage (VOC) of 389 mV, and a fill factor (FF) of 75.3% in addition to an efficiency (η) of 2.05%. Based on such a significant photo-conversion response using bio-engineered active counter electrodes, this study provides a cost-effective approach for synthesizing hematite NFs that have potential applications not only in DSSC but also in sensors, water splitting, and electrochemical devices.